On June 18, 1962, OSWALD visited the office of Pauline Virginia Bates. Pauline Virginia Bates (born January 11, 1922; died October 7, 1978) was a public legal stenographer, from Forest Grove, Oregon. In an interview with Caroline Hamilton of The Fort Worth Press, Pauline Virginia Bates recalled her encounters with OSWALD:

"LEE OSWALD wanted the world to think he'd gone to Russia 'on a job' for the State Department. He left that impression with Miss Pauline Bates. He did it by evasiveness. 'When the State Department granted my visa,' OSWALD told her, 'they stipulated they could not stand behind me in any way.' OSWALD went to see Miss Bates on June 18, 1962. He had in his hand a manila envelope full of notes condemning a criticizing life in Russia. LEE OSWALD had found the Soviet Union no utopia. Or so he said. 'I saw your name in the telephone book' he said 'Can you do some typing for me? Notes I made in Russia of conditions there.' In his manila envelope he had several sheaves of papers, stapled together in sequences, on different Russian cities. The first was Minsk. The second was Kiev. The papers were all sizes and shapes some snips like strips pulled from envelopes, some full sheets, some heavy brown wrapping paper. The notes were handwritten in pen and pencil and then typed. 'I'll have to change the names when my book is published.' He never said he was a U.S. secret agent either but he gave that impression. And the impression raised questions in Mrs. Bates' mind. Why would a secret agent have a public stenographer type his notes? Why was he short of money? Why couldn't he find a job? Why did he leave the impression he was a secret agent. She never found out. But she thought about it again after November 22, 1963. And she still doesn't know."

Pauline Virginia Bates stated that OSWALD told her that a Dallas engineer named Peter Gregory was interested in publishing his manuscript. On June 19, 1962, OSWALD called Peter Paul Gregory, a petroleum engineer born January 25, 1929, in Siberia, who taught Russian at the Fort Worth public library. Peter Paul Gregory became OSWALD'S entré into White Russian exile community in Dallas.

The White Russians came to the United States as a result of the civil war that erupted after the Bolshevik revolution of 1917. In order to aid the anti-Bolshevik forces, the Allied Expeditionary Force (which included the U.S.) invaded Russia and set up the geo-political area, White Russia, which was any area that was not controlled by Red (Communist) Russia. White Russian meant anti-Communist Russian. In August 1965 Peter Paul Gregory was hired by the CIA to work for its Joint Press Reading Service. [NARA 1993.07.20.15:10:32:710600] Peter Paul Gregory denied that he was the petroleum engineer who offered to publish OSWALD'S book.

Bates: OSWALD walked into my office one day, said he had gotten my name out of the telephone directory. It so happens it's the first one in the public stenographers...He just walked in. It's not uncommon for people to walk in and say, "Miss Bates can you type something for me?" And I said, "Yes, I could, what was it?" ...then he told me he was LEE OSWALD. He said, "First, I want to find out what your prices are and see if I can afford it." He wanted a professional typing job done on his notes, and explained: "Some of them are typed on a little portable, some of 'em are handwritten in ink, some of 'em are in pencil." [I was] anxious to get on with it. He had just come back from Russia and had notes, I would like to have seen them. And he didn't look like he had - he looked like a High School kid to me when he first came in. I thought he was just a kid...And he said he had just gotten out of the Marine Corps and taken elementary Russian...while he was in the Marine Corps.[Pauline Virginia Bates typed OSWALD'S notes and found they were] very bitter against Russia...They were all done in Russia. And he smuggled them out of Russia. And he said that the whole time, until they were over the border, they were scared to death they would be found, and of course, they would not be allowed to leave Russia...He never once mentioned the word 'Communist'...He just said "the Party."He came up and he was quite nervous. The other two days, he'd sit right there at my desk and - uh - if I needed to ask him anything, why I would. But this day he was walking up and down looking over my shoulder and wanting to know where I was - and finally I finished the 10th page. He said "Now Pauline, you told me what your charges were. This is eight hours and you've worked ten pages. I have $10 and no more money. I can't let you go on."

When Pauline Bates testified before the Warren Commission, Counsel Albert Jenner asked her about Caroline Hamilton's article:

Jenner: Is that story accurate as you related it to her?"

Bates: That's right.

Jenner: Is there anything in that story that you would like to amend or correct.

Bates: No sir. It was read to me before it was ever printed twice. And we did it so very carefully to make it all -- so we wouldn't get the past and present mixed up. We kept it to the three days.

Jenner: Do you recall being interviewed by the FBI on December 2, 1963?

Bates: They came to my home on a Saturday after the story broke.

Jenner: Do you recall saying to the FBI men who interviewed you that the story was accurate --

Bates: Yes, sir. Gave them a copy of it.

Jenner: In every detail with one exception -- which was that OSWALD never stated that he was working for the U.S. State Department.

Bates: Well that is not in the story.

Jenner: Tell me about that.

Bates: That was what the radio and television was trying to put words in my mouth at that time. And uh - I don't know how many times I had to call and tell them to retract that. I never stated that. I stated that he first said he went to Russia and had gotten a visa that I thought - it was just a thought - that maybe he was going over there under the auspices of the State Department. As a student or something. From that they got that he was a secret agent for the - .

Nonetheless, Pauline Virginia Bates told Albert Jenner substantially the same information she told Caroline Hamilton: "[OSWALD] had wanted to travel, and so he applied to the State Department for a visa. And I asked him if he was an exchange student - if he went over as an exchange student. Sometimes - I don't know, I was kind of ignorant about things like that. He said 'No,' that the State Department finally agreed to let him go over, but they would not be responsible for him; he was granted a visa to go over there but the State Department refused to stand behind him in case he got into trouble or anything."

What visa had OSWALD referred to? The State Department could not have issued a Soviet visa - only the Soviet Union could do that. How could the State Department have refused to stand behind OSWALD after issuing him a visa? OSWALD chose to be deliberately oblique since he made reference to the CIA's doctrine of plausible deniability. When the CIA structured an operation, it did it so in such a way that were anyone apprehended, there would never be enough evidence to link him/her to the CIA. The CIA could then issue a plausible denial of any CIA-connection. In other words, if for any reason OSWALD were exposed as a CIA agent in Russia, ANGLETON would claim to have no knowledge of him, and not a shred of evidence to the contrary would exist.

Pauline Virginia Bates wondered why a State Department undercover agent would hire a free-lance stenographer to type up his notes. Why was he short of money? Poverty was part of OSWALD'S cover. OSWALD was very secretive and never left Pauline Virginia Bates alone with the notes. He brought them when he came, took them when he left, and carried off the carbon paper. On June 20, 1962, OSWALD ended his relationship with Pauline Virginia Bates.

"When elections are initiated in the USSR, or formulated, a whole hugh mechanical apparatis is started, not only to ensure victory but to safeguard the state from any voice of dissent, either in abstention or opposition. All possible votors (that is from the age of 16 up) are registered well beforehand by "agitators" who go round to every door in their district getting names and notifing all votors of their duty to the motherland in voting, in the case of the elections held throughout the Soviet Union as on March 18, 1962 to "elect" the Supreme Soviet, including Kruschev, the people Soviet (house of representatives) and the Soviet of Nationalities. The agitator came on January 24, 1962, and February 20, 1962, on Election day all votors go to the polls, usually a school, and vote. They are given a ballot which they immediately drop in a box. On the ballot is the single name of the candidate for each post. That's all anybody ever does to vote. This system assures a 99% turnout and a predetermined victory. In each polling place there is a booth for secret balloting (crossing out the candidate and writing in your own) Under Soviet law anyone can do this, nobody does for the obvious reason that anyone who enters the booth may be identified. There is a Soviet joke about the floor dropping out from anyone stepping into the booth. But the fact is that if the entire population used the polling booth they could beat the system, however, years of mass discipline and fear have made the people afraid to attempt any such demonstration."

As soon as OSWALD returned to the United States he recommenced his efforts to have his dishonorable discharge changed back to an honorable one. On June 19, 1962, OSWALD contacted the Navy Discharge Review Board in Washington, D.C. "In this case there is no question as to service, which, as the Naval records show, was of a strickly honorable nature. This case is a question of loyalty revolving around out of residence in the Soviet Union. In requesting a review of this case, I can show; I had not violated any laws or regulations pertaining to my prolonged residence abroad and that I am a loyal U.S. citizen...This board was given to consider weather I had gone to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics with the object of becoming a permenent citizen of that country. Since I was not in the United States at the time of the convening of the board and since I was completely unable to communicate with anyone in the outside world through the Iron Curtain, this board found against me...Since there is no other possible way to present my case, in consideration of the nature of the charge which was brought against me, I would like to include a request for reenlistment regardless of the findings of the board. In accordance with par. 15 (e) (5) I request that the Board consider my sincere desire to use my former training at the aviation fundlementals school, Jacksonville, Florida, and Radar operators school, Biloxi, Miss., as well as special knowledge I have accumulated through my experience since my release from active duty, in the Naval service." What special knowledge had he acquired in Russia that could have helped the U.S. Navy? [WCE 2661]

Was OSWALD offering the Navy information on the Soviet military? If so, where had he obtained this information?

John Connally received a letter from OSWALD that protested the downgrading of OSWALD'S Marine Discharge. John Connally was Secretary of the Navy while OSWALD was a Marine, but had been replaced by Fred Korth, whose name was in OSWALD'S address book. Senator John Tower also received a letter from OSWALD about his discharge. The State Department forwarded four of OSWALD'S letters to Senator John Tower in order that he could familiarize himself with the case. [DOS Serial 0122, 1.26.62] In the late 1980's John Tower headed a Reagan-appointed Commission to investigate the Iran/Contra scandal which involved the CIA and anti-Sandinista Nicaraguans. On April 6, 1991, Senator Tower was killed in a plane crash in Brunswick, Georgia, along with 22 others. Tapes of communication between the aircraft and the controllers at Jacksonville were all normal. The plane was completely demolished and an investigation of the wreckage of the plane was begun. The Senate had recently refused to approve Tower as Secretary of Defense, because of consultancy fees he had received from arms manufactures while he was in the private sector. Tower was head President Bush's Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board.

On June 26, 1962, 13 days after returning to the United States, OSWALD was interviewed by FBI Agent John W. Fain at the Fort Worth FBI office. He described OSWALD as cold, arrogant and uncooperative: "He denied having any involvement with Soviet intelligence agencies, but when asked if he would submit to a polygraph examination, he refused without giving a reason." Another FBI report stated: "On June 26, 1962, S.A. John W. Fain interviewed Mrs. Robert L. Oswald at Fort Worth, Texas. On June 26, 1962, S.A.S. B. Tom Brown and John W. Fain interviewed OSWALD. The attention of the Bureau is called to the fact on June 26, 1962, OSWALD was very difficult to interview. He was curt and short in many of his answers. He gave the impression of being cold and arrogant and on the whole interview was generally uncooperative. Near the end of the interview Subject was asked whether or not he would be willing to submit to a polygraph examination concerning answers given by him during the interview of June 26, 1962. Subject stated he would not be willing to take polygraph test as to whether his negative answers to the questions as to whether or not he had furnished any information to the Soviets, as to whether or not he had been recruited by the Soviet Intelligence Agents and whether or not he had made any deals with the Soviets in order to obtain permission to return to the United States. This report is classified Confidential since it contains information from other agencies which is so classified. A copy of this report is sent to ONI because of the initial interest of that agency in Subject." [NARA FBI 124-10171-10119 undated]

When the HSCA questioned FBI S.A. John W. Fain about this, he said he never asked OSWALD about a polygraph examination. "Fain is positive that he never asked OSWALD whether he was an agent for the U.S. Government, notwithstanding Robert Oswald's testimony before the Warren Commission that LEE HARVEY OSWALD said he was asked this question. He had no reason to ask him this." [HSCA R p190; WR p434; HSCA Fain interview by Genzman 6.25.78]

OSWALD was afraid the polygraph would detect deception because he had been in contact with the KGB and OSWALD knew FBI Agent John W. Fain would have questioned him about the KGB: "I know your tactics; there is a similar agency in Russia. You are using the soft touch and, of course, the procedure in Russia would be quite different."

OSWALD was unemployed from June 10, 1962, until July 17, 1962, when he was hired by the Louv-R-Pac Division of Leslie Welding. Coincidentally, in 1961 INTERPEN member Loran Hall listed his occupation as "sheet metal worker" and INTERPEN member William Seymour worked as a welder. [FBI 105-82555-5235]

Some of the signatures on the back of the Louv-R-Pac paychecks were not OSWALD'S. The FBI Laboratory examined the endorsements and compared them against the signature on OSWALD'S passport. They did not match, although OSWALD had used his passport as identification to cash these checks, and his passport number was written on each one. The FBI stated: "Under date of December 5, 1963, the FBI Laboratory advised that the handprinting and handwriting of LEE HARVEY OSWALD, available in Bureau files, have been searched (Deleted) without effecting an indentification." [FBI DL 89-43 RPG:mja; WCD 7 p 360] Click here to see these signatures. The top signature was from a letter OSWALD gave to Richard Snyder.

The HSCA examined 63 specimens of OSWALD'S signature, but none of the signatures on the Louv-R-Pac paychecks, although their existence had been brought to the attention of the HSCA by this researcher. The HSCA chose instead to examine: "A letter dated July 13, 1962, to Leslie Welding Co. signed LEE H. OSWALD; written on part of the page from a yellow legal pad. Blue ink. Ball point pen. Location: Archives." [HSCA V8 p230]

In a February 3, 1964, Memorandum to Files, a CIA component, presumably the Office of Security, stated: "The following notation appears on the cover of OSWALD'S address book: "Mr. Bargas 200 E.N. Vacey Louv - K P1316 (The FBI memorandum does not suggest it, but I would think that Louv - K might possibly refer to Louisville, Kentucky.)The Office of Security of the CIA came up with three spurious Bargas' from its files. [CIA 1300-479] "Bargas" was the name of OSWALD'S foreman at Louv-R-Pac, Thomas Bargas. Tom Bargas was interviewed in 1977 and asked if he saw OSWALD every day he worked there? He said: "Yeah, I did see him every day. He was a sheet metal worker, we used to make ventilators. We never had any Government contracts or anything. It was all commercial buildings. OSWALD always kept to himself - he wore the same old jacket." In May 1993 Tom Bargas said OSWALD never expressed any political opinions to him and was a good worker. "He was a general flunky - he did everything we put him to do. Because he comprehended so well, I was going to teach him to do layout work. Then he quit. No reason...He came in every day. He worked there two, three months, maybe longer. He didn't miss any days that I know of...I never miss work. We went in at 7:00 a.m. and got off at 3:30 p.m." [WCD 7; FBI DL 89-43 p360 - 1 RPG:mja - UnID; CIA 1300-479]

S.A. Hosty had conducted a supporting investigation on Marina Oswald for S.A. John Fain. S.A. James P. Hosty received a Bachelor of Science in business administration from the University of Notre Dame in June 1948; between 1948 and 1962 he was employed by the First National Bank of Chicago, and then employed by the Beechnut packing company as a salesman. He joined the FBI on January 21, 1952, and was assigned to the Louisville Division on General Investigation, then transferred to the Dallas FBI General Investigation Division until 1955, when he was assigned to the Internal Security Squad. [Hosty WC Test. P441]

S.A. Hosty: "The case on Marina Oswald was opened on a specific recommendation of this writer on July 19, 1962, at which time it was noted that she fell within the criteria of the SOBIR program (Manual of Instructions 105-R). By letter to the Bureau dated July 25, 1962, Bureau was advised on a UACB basis that in view of the pending investigation on LEE OSWALD this case would be put in a pending inactive status, to be reopened at a later date for consideration or advisable action."

The FBI document dated July 25, 1962, stated: "The case on LEE OSWALD is in pending status and he is to be re-interviewed. It is not believe any active investigation of his wife or interview of her under the SOBIR program is logical or advisable at this time. It is felt her activities can be sufficiently followed at this time in connection with the case on her husband. It is noted there are no subversive references on any member of the Subjects family, and under present circumstances she will be closely and intimately associated with them. According to INS records she is proficient presently only in the Russian language. In view of the foregoing, the case on Subject will be maintained in a pending, inactive status in the Dallas Field Division for a period of six months UACB. At the expiration of that time it will be reopened and considered for further warranted or advisable action." [FBI 105-42555-29]

James Hosty commented, "I didn't sign it to a pending inactive, Ken Howe did. The supervisor signs cases. I recommended the case be open and it was assigned pending inactive to John Fain."

Hosty contacted the Immigration and Naturalization Service for information on Marina. He used this background information to prepare a report on July 19, 1962, that concluded: "Copies of this letter are being designated for Washington Field Office since Subject, according to information furnished by her husband in the interview with him on June 26, 1962, is to periodically report her whereabout to the Russian Embassy. Should any information concerning contacts by the Subject with the Russian Embassy come to the attention of Washington Field Office, same should be promptly reported to the Bureau and Dallas." [FBI New 105-1435-I Fain Hosty]

On August 8, 1962, OSWALD and family moved into the Rotary Apartments. The telephone number "ED-5-0755," which turned out to the Rotary Apartments at 1501 7th Street in Dallas, was found on a slip of paper in OSWALD'S possessions. OSWALD and family lived there until November 1962. S.A. John Fain was dissatisfied with the first interview and arranged to see OSWALD again on August 16, 1962. At the outset of this interview, OSWALD invited S.A. John Fain and his partner to question him in his home, but they declined in favor of their car. He was much friendlier, and assured them he would inform them if he were approached by the KGB. He doubted this would happen since, "his employment did not involve any sensitive information." When asked why he went to live in the Soviet Union, OSWALD told the Agents it was "nobody's business." He advised that no representative of the Soviet Union, the MVD or any intelligence agent of the Soviet Union ever attempted to elicit secret information concerning the United States or its defense, from him. OSWALD denied he ever told the Soviets at any time he would make available to them information concerning his U.S. Marine Corps specialty." According to the Warren Commission, S.A. John Fain - having concluded OSWALD was not a security risk, potentially dangerous or violent - had recommended that the case be placed in a closed status. A copy of S.A. John Fain's report was sent to the CIA. On August 30, 1962, the FBI closed the OSWALD case. From August 1962 to March 1963, OSWALD was free of active FBI investigation. S.A. John Fain retired from the Bureau in October 1962 and the closed LEE OSWALD case was not reassigned.

From RECORDS INTEGRATION DIVISION/ANALYSIS

TO:

1. COUNTER-INTELLIGENCE STAFF Received September 17, 1962 (Initials SM)

2. CI/SIG Received: September 25, 1962 (Written 25 IX 62 Initials ege - Ann Egerter)

3. COUNTER-INTELLIGENCE/OPS/ (deleted) (Initials: Check mark)

4. SOVIET RUSSIA / COUNTER-INTELLIGENCE (Initial a)

5. CSR/COUNTER-INTELLIGENCE/P/OP Received September 28, 1962 Forwarded October 1, 1962 (Initials illegible)

6. CI/OPS/ (Deleted)

7. SOVIET RUSSIA/COUNTER-INTELLIGENCE/RED/ (deleted) Forwarded October 3, 1962 (initials WELLS) C/SR/CI/R Received October 4, 1962, Forwarded October 5, 1962 (Initials illegible)

8. SOVIET RUSSIA/COUNTER-INTELLIGENCE/ R (deleted) Received October 11, 1962. Forwarded October 12, 1962 (Initials illegible) 8-9 make note of this orig

9. SOVIET RUSSIA/BIO/ (deleted). Forwarded October 15, 1962 (Initials illegible)

11. January 22, 1964

12. CI/OPS/ (Deleted) January 22, 1964 (Initials illegible)

13. CI/SIG/ (Deleted) January 29, 1964 (Written 29 I 64 initials ege - Ann Egerter)

14. C, CI/ R& A

The Sheet contained the notation: "Believe (Deleted) CI/SIG has full file. Dorothy Lynch." An FBI report on OSWALD was attached to it.

In August 1962 OSWALD sent for a subscription to The Worker; on September 28, 1962, "a source who has furnished reliable information in the past, made available photographs of the names and addresses of subscribers maintained by the Worker, an East Coast Communist newspaper." OSWALD'S name and address were noted. This information was sent to Dallas and initialed to file by S.A. Fain on October 22, 1962. The document contained this notation "1 verifax to Bur December 8, 1963 H." [FBI-100-10461-35] OSWALD was also in touch with the Soviet Embassy, Washington. He asked the Embassy to send him "any peridicals or bullitins which you may put out for the benefit of your citizens living, for a time, in the U.S.A." He inquired how he could subscribe to Pravda or Izvestia.

The Worker, known in the 1950's as The Daily Worker, was a Communist Party organ controlled by the Soviet Union. It received millions of dollars in illegal Soviet subsidies. Why was OSWALD still interested in Soviet-style Communism when he had expressed his disillusionment with the Soviet Union in his writing? OSWALD'S FBI case remained in a closed status despite specific orders to investigate subscribers to The Worker and despite his contact with the Soviet Embassy, Washington.

HEMMING told this researcher: "OSWALD'S watched, he's checked. Because the bureaucracy over here doesn't know he's working for somebody. Because he's a deep cover operative. Ninety-nine percent of the bureaucracy, the FBI, the local police, the dog catcher, think he's just an asshole that redefected. Now, all of a sudden, the guy is dipping his wick into paramilitary activity, intelligence activity. Our bureaucracy says, 'Who the fuck is this guy?' He's barely out of the Soviet Union and he's fucking around with anti-communists. This is the kind of activity he ain't supposed to be involved in."

The FBI: "Marina was questioned concerning OSWALD'S reading habits while in Dallas, Texas. She said she had gone to the Dallas Public Library on many occasions and had brought back piles of books to their residence. She said that generally the books which he brought home to read were histories or biographies. She recalls that he read biographies of Hitler, Kennedy and Khrushchev. She is not clear in her mind as to whether he read these books in New Orleans or in Dallas. She recalls that he also read the book, Time to Live and Time to Die by Eric Maria Remarque. She recalls he read a book about Powers, the U-2 pilot. She cannot specifically recall what books he checked out of the Dallas Public Library." [Heitman & Boguslav DL 100-10461 2.25.64]

The Secret Service reported: "OSWALD'S last two paychecks from the Leslie Welding, Fort Worth, Texas, are dated October 6, 1963, and October 13, 1963, and were mailed to him in care of Post Office Box 2915, Dallas. Under OSWALD'S endorsement on the back of these two checks appears the address 3519 Fairmount Street. These checks bear the bank stamp dates October 16, 1962, and October 22, 1962, respectively, and they were cashed at the Mercantile National Bank of Dallas." Marina Oswald and her daughter lived at this address in October 1962. On October 8, 1962, OSWALD resigned from the Louv-R-Pac division of Leslie Welding.

On October 9, 1962, OSWALD opened Post Office Box 2915, Dallas, Texas, using his own name and the address of Gary Taylor. Gary Taylor was the son-in-law of OSWALD'S friend, George DeMohrenschildt. Two pages of CIA Office of Security traces on Gary Taylor were deleted. [CIA 1297-480] When OSWALD endorsed his last two checks from Louv-R-Pac, he used the address of Gary Taylor; he never stayed there, however.

The Warren Commission stated that OSWALD probably authorized "A.J. Hidell" to receive mail at this post office box. There was no proof of this. Dallas Postal Inspector Harry D. Holmes testified that the portion of the application which listed names of persons other than the applicant authorized to receive mail, in accordance with postal regulations, had been destroyed when the box was closed. On November 23, 1963, the Dallas FBI sent a cable to Headquarters, most of which was withheld. Although Harry Holmes testified that this list of names had been thrown away, the November 23, 1963, FBI cable probably dealt with these names. OSWALD had received subversive literature at this post office box, and chances are the other names or aliases listed were known to the FBI. [FBI 62-109060-49 11.23.63 highly deleted; USSS CO-2-34,030-641 p5; WR p120]

On October 15, 1962, Gary Taylor drove OSWALD to the YMCA in Dallas, where OSWALD checked in. OSWALD checked out of the YMCA on October 19, 1962, and, as stated, from October 19, 1962, to November 2, 1962, his address was a mystery to the Warren Commission. The Warren Report noted: "After OSWALD left the YMCA on October 19, 1962, he moved to a room or apartment somewhere in Dallas which has not been located. It seems likely that during that time he spent several weekends with Marina at the Hall house." [WR p720] (Marina OSWALD had moved in with Elena Hall). When OSWALD endorsed his last two checks from Louv-R-Pac, he used the address of Gary Taylor; he never stayed there, however.

As stated, OSWALD'S whereabouts from October 19, 1962, to November 2, 1962, were not discoverable by the Warren Commission. He was not with Marina Oswald, who had moved out of their apartment on Mercedes Street in Fort Worth that OSWALD had rented in August 1962. With the help of Russian exile George Bouhe who had contact with the Texas Employment Commission, OSWALD was referred to the Jagger-Chiles-Stovall Photographic Company on October 11, 1962. On October 12, 1962, he began work there as a trainee. From October 9, 1962, when OSWALD listed Gary Taylor's address on his application for a Post Office Box, until October 11, 1962, OSWALD was unaccounted for.

"On April 18, 1975, Sheriff Allen L. Capwell (NA) Wyoming County, New York, personally appeared at the Buffalo Office of the FBI and related the following information which he had obtained from Richard Monroe Margeson, DOB June 16, 1927, Rochester, New York, residing Webster Road, Wyoming County, New York , on April 14, 1975, whom Capwell has personally known for the past five years. Capwell has no reason to believe Margeson is not stable.

"Margeson, while living in California, in 1962, met one LAWRENCE JOHN HOWARD Jr. 6', 300 lbs., of Mexican descent. HOWARD was engaged in collecting funds to support the anti-Castro forces. HOWARD went to the Florida Keys in 1962 for six months for the purpose of training troops to invade Cuba and thereafter, in late 1962, returned to Los Angeles accompanied by Rudy Hernandez, Mexican and unsub, aka 'Slim,' no other name known, white male, 5' 6" also in his 20s. Slim and Rudy resided at the Olive Hotel, Olive Street, Los Angeles. HOWARD'S specific address unknown but he lived in East or Northeast Los Angeles.

"All were employed by a Jack Casey, not further described, painting and refurnishing the old Union Temple building located behind the Los Angeles Greyhound Bus Station. This building reportedly housed the Marquade (PH) Printing Shop in the basement, which at the time was engaged in printing the original draft of Richard M. Nixon's book after he lost the Presidential election. Through these individuals Margeson met a man called 'Tex' who arrived from New Orleans in late 1962 or early 1963. Tex reportedly was a hitman and described as a white male, late 20's, 5'6" to 5' 9", slender build, 135 pounds, with former military service and a rotten disposition. Margeson said Tex visited his house on Trigg Street in East Los Angeles and furnished his name as HARVEY LEE. Tex left Los Angeles, destination unknown, after about two weeks.

"Following the assassination of President Kennedy and picture of LEE HARVEY OSWALD appearing in the news media, Margeson realized that Tex and OSWALD were identical.

"Margeson said HOWARD was later subpoenaed by former New Orleans District Attorney Jim Garrison...Margeson decided to come forth after viewing a recent T.V. documentary on the Warren Commission investigations wherein it was depicted OSWALD was in Russia while in fact OSWALD was in California. This caused Margeson to believe that a conspiracy could possibly have existed in that OSWALD may not have acted alone. Buffalo indices contain nothing identifiable with Margeson and HOWARD. Bureau is requested to assess the above information and furnish Buffalo with pertinent information to assist Buffalo with interview of Margeson in event Bureau so desires." [NARA FBI 124-10267-10007]

The FBI made a Xerox copy of Sheriff Capwell's notes of his interview with Margeson: "Moved to California 1950. Back to Wyoming, New York 1957 to 1958. Ruth Mildred Spencer Margeson wife / married in 1953 in L.A. Returned to California, 1959 worked at Recold Manufacturing refrigerators. Strike 1960 for a year. Met LARRY HOWARD at Recold working as a welder. Six foot, three hundred pound Mexican. UAW organized an 'Education Committee.' Lived in East L.A. and continued to see HOWARD - common likes, hunting, camping picnicking social. 1961 HOWARD collect funds to fight Castro. 1962 went to Marathon Key, Big Pine and Little Pine Keys to train guerilla troops to invade Cuba within six months. 1962 Delivered auto to LA? Hertz? From New Orleans. Rudy Hernandez Mexican 20's 5' 2" short, heavy set. Slim in 20's. Lived in Olive Hotel on Olive Street in LA. Larry: 'working in old Union Temple Building behind LA Greyhound.' Went to building (illegible) by Jack Casey. Office on second floor. Van Nys or North Hollywood. Theater, four five stories, vacant. 2 print shops in basement...Rudy and Slim working as painters for Casey. Real gold bricker. Dick did elect. work. Sit on paint can re: military actions, hit team, $50,000 hit on Castro's head. Slim took a truck of tables and chains for 3-4 days basement of building to 'the ranch,' a ghost town in Gold Falls, Nevada. Tex arriving from New Orleans. Excited. Tex = w/m late 20's, 5' 6" or 5' 8", slender, 135 pounds, rotten person talked about killing people, assault on diamond mine and kill all (illegible) in Army but dislike authority. Invited him to dinner either on Sunday or Holiday. Slim and Rudy and LARRY reluctant. Later Tex accepted picked up in downtown L.A. Poor conversationalist. Asked him name to (illegible) 'HARVEY LEE.' acted (illegible) or (illegible). Triggs Street, East L.A. Stayed in L.A. about two weeks or more, maybe a month. Late 1962 or early 1963 then left. Late 1962 too small (100s) Wire to a printing press in a small shop. Talked with Jack Casey. Agreed to put in right size. After outside in outer office he phoned 'This guy could blow the lid off this whole thing.' Get over here. Same day an older man w/m said he was Jack's father = can this be corrected? Yes, someone else did it. Building torn down maybe November 1963 sold to city? Dick and wife opened a cigar stand...HOWARD went back to Florida once and Dallas several times - Mexico at least three times." [NARA FBI 124-10267-10008]

On May 6, 1975, William Nettles, Division #6, FBI Headquarters telephonically advised that the information supplied by Richard Monroe Margeson was "still being evaluated through file reviews at Headquarters. According to William Nettles, as yet 'Tex' had not been identified, however, extensive investigation had previously been conducted concerning LAWRENCE JOHN HOWARD mentioned in our teletype. According to Nettles, it appeared that the dates of activity mentioned in Butel were about eight to ten months off. He stated further response would be forthcoming in the near future." [FBI Buffalo 62-1827-153; NARA FBI 124-10267-10009]

The FBI searched its indices for Richard Margeson and came up with nothing. The FBI searched its indices for 'Tex' and came up with numerous non identifiable references. It searched for LAWRENCE JOHN HOWARD Jr. and found he was mentioned in FBI 89-69-3662, 3663, 3666, 3768, 3774 p. 4, 3675, 3797; FBI 89-69-3798 p2, 3883p3, 3892; FBI 173-944-28A p2; FBI 123-393-3p8; FBI 157-12990. The FBI searched its indices on Sylvia Odio, William Houston Seymour [FBI 89-69-1797, 1809p2, 1839 p2, 3798p2] and Loran Hall [FBI 89-69-3666, 1275p.296]. [NARA FBI 124-10248-10489; NARA FBI 124-10248-10497]

On May 19, 1975, the FBI recapitulated Margeson's story:

"Margeson said HOWARD was later subpoenaed by former District Attorney Garrison, New Orleans, Louisiana, during course of Garrison's investigation of this matter. Margeson decided to come forth after viewing a recent television documentary on the Warren Commission investigations wherein it was depicted OSWALD was in Russia while in fact OSWALD was in California. This caused Margeson to believe that a conspiracy could possibly have existed in that OSWALD may not have acted alone. Buffalo indices contain nothing identifiable with Margeson or HOWARD. Bufiles contain no information identifiable with Margeson. Review of Bufiles reveals the following information:

"There is no indication that LEE HARVEY OSWALD used the aliases Harvey Lee or 'Tex.' He did use the alias 'O.H. Lee' while renting a room in Dallas Texas in October to November 1963.

"There is no indication OSWALD was in California in the 1960's. He left Russia in May 1962 and took up residence in Fort Worth, Texas, in June 1962. He lived at several residences there and in Dallas, Texas until April 1963, when he went to Mexico for several days and then returned to Texas.

"Coverage of his movements at any time was not necessarily complete. For the end of 1962 and early 1963 there is a period of time, October 19, 1962 to November 3, 1962, when his wife resided with several people in Texas and there was no record of his residence. There are no readily discernable gaps in his stay in New Orleans.

"LAWRENCE JOHN HOWARD, Jr. DOB January 17, 1935, 5'11", 222 pounds, black wavy hair, brown eyes, medium olive complexion, who speaks English and Spanish fluently, was interviewed in 1964, in connection with the assassination of President Kennedy. At the time he resided with his wife Rose, and two daughters, at 3191 Blanchard Street, Los Angeles. He was employed at the I.T.E. Circuit Breaker Company.

"This interview was based on an allegation by Sylvia Odio, an anti-Castro Cuban refugee living in Dallas, Texas, that she was visited in Dallas, Texas, on September 26, 1963, or September 27, 1963, by OSWALD and two Cuban companions. Investigation determined that on September 26, 1963 or September 27, 1963 OSWALD was en route from New Orleans to Mexico by bus. Subsequent investigations revealed that the persons who visited Odio were probably HOWARD, William Houston Seymour and Loran Eugene Hall. Odio was shown photographs of the three but her memory was hazy and she could not recall meeting them. She testified before the Warren Commission regarding this meeting. The Commission concluded that she had not met OSWALD. "HOWARD, when interviewed in 1964, denied ever meeting Odio or ever knowing OSWALD. He was in the Florida Keys in January 1963 training with a group of men planning for an anti-Castro invasion of Cuba. He met Hall in Florida. He returned to Los Angeles in August 1963, for 17 days and then returned to Florida, stopping off in Dallas.

"Bufiles contain no information as to his whereabouts at specific times in 1962.

"Hall and HOWARD were subsequently subpoenaed to New Orleans, by District Attorney Jim Garrison in connection with his assassination probe.

"Hall aka Lorenzo Pascillo, DOB January 4, 1930, 5'11", 200 pounds, black hair, hazel eyes, dark complexion, mustache since 1960 and a full beard in September 1963, resided in Kernville, California, when interviewed in 1964. He operated the Rainbow Motel in Kernville and was employed as a truck driver. He mentioned that Seymour generally resembled OSWALD and could be mistaken for him. He could recall no meeting with Odio.

"Seymour was interviewed in Phoenix, Arizona, where he lived and worked as welder, in 1964. He admitted being involved in training anti-Castro Cubans in Florida, but denied ever meeting OSWALD. He said that in September 1963, he, Hall, and HOWARD went to Los Angeles. He stated he did not leave Florida between March 1962 and October 1962.

"Seymour is described as DOB January 12, 1937, 5'6", 140 pounds, brown curly hair and blue eyes, FBI # 365 647 D.

"Bureau files contain no information identifiable with Rudy Hernandez or 'Slim.'

"Margeson's information pertaining to OSWALD allegedly being in Russia while in fact he was in California is incorrect relative to the time OSWALD was in Russia. Margeson alleges to have seen OSWALD in California in late 1962 or early 1963. He lived in Texas until April 1963 when he moved to New Orleans. Additionally, it does not coincide with the time OSWALD was in New Orleans.

"Dallas, Los Angeles, and New Orleans should evaluate the information received from Margeson to determine if there is a possibility OSWALD was in Los Angeles in the company of HOWARD. All three offices should check indices regarding Margeson, Rudy Hernandez and 'Slim.' Buffalo hold any interview of Margeson in abeyance." [FBI 62-1827-154]

On May 29, 1975, the Los Angeles FBI Field Office determined "The Los Angeles files contain no information identifiable with Richard Monroe Margeson, Rudy Hernandez or Slim. A review of Los Angeles files reveals that Richard Monroe Margeson is referring to LAWRENCE JOHN HOWARD Jr., who was interviewed in 1964. HOWARD freely admitted he trained with anti-Castro guerillas in Florida, and he denied knowing LEE HARVEY OSWALD, who was pro-Castro.

"The Los Angeles files indicated that OSWALD was in California when he was in the United States Marines Corps; however, this was prior to 1960 and prior to his defection to the Soviet Union. Upon OSWALD'S return to the United States from Russia there was no indication he was in California or ever in Los Angeles in the company of LAWRENCE JOHN HOWARD Jr." [NARA FBI # 124-10175-10304] The Dallas FBI Office: "June 3, 1975...Dallas indices contain no information concerning Margeson, Rudy Hernandez and Slim. It is the observation of the Dallas Office that it is not likely LEE HARVEY OSWALD could have been in Los Angeles California in the company of LAWRENCE JOHN HOWARD, Jr. in late 1962 or early 1963. It is suggested the Bureau may desire to have the Buffalo Office interview Margeson in order that the Agents conducting such interview can evaluate his information and conduct during the interview. [FBI 62-1827-156 6.6.75] The New Orleans Office of the FBI agreed. [FBI 62-1827-157 6.10.75]

"Margeson is a white male, born June 16, 1927, at Rochester, New York. He attended four years of high school but received no high school diploma. He completed a two year correspondence course in Traffic Management and a one year correspondence course in law. He was previously employed as a can machine mechanic for the T.J. Lipton Company, Albion, New York, until he was laid off in October 1974 and has been unemployed since that time. However, Margeson is a farmer and operates the farm at his residence and breeds and raises dogs.

"Margeson and his wife resided in the Los Angeles, California, area from 1950 through 1972. In 1960 Margeson secured a position as a Material Handler for Recold Corp. He was residing on Trigg Street in East Los Angeles at that time, which Margeson described as an area chiefly composed of Mexican Americans. During 1960 Margeson met Lawrence J. HOWARD Jr. who was a welder at Recold Corporation. Margeson described HOWARD as a white male of Mexican descent whose father was from the United States and his mother was from Mexico. He said that HOWARD was in his late 20's or early 30's at that time and was approximately six feet in height, 300 pounds, large build, black hair, brown eyes, medium complexion and wore a large Fu Manchu mustache. HOWARD'S residence was only a few blocks from where Margeson lived. HOWARD was married and his wife, whose name is unknown to Margeson, was of Mexican heritage and was employed by the telephone company. Also, HOWARD had a girlfriend, Josephine, (LNU), who was of Mexican heritage and who lived only a few blocks from Margeson.

"During most of 1960, the employees of Recold Corp. who were members of the United Auto Workers union local, were on strike. HOWARD was the leader of the Education Committee of this union, and Margeson was a member of the committee. Although HOWARD and Margeson devoted some of their time to the union activities, both had ample time to pursue their hobbies of camping, hunting, guns and fast draw contests. Because of their common employment and since they were both avid gun and hunting buffs, HOWARD and Margeson spent a considerable amount of time together.

"There was a lot of publicity regarding Castro and Cuba at that time and it soon became common knowledge in the area where Margeson resided that recruiting efforts were being made, particularly among Spanish-speaking people, for volunteers to organize into an anti-Castro group. HOWARD became interested in this anti-Castro movement and decided to become involved in recruiting volunteers. Although Margeson was spending most of his time researching possible lost gold mines, he sometimes accompanied HOWARD in his recruiting efforts. HOWARD and Margeson would drive around at night in the area where Cuban refugees were living in the Los Angeles area and would attempt to recruit volunteers for an anti-Castro group at gas stations, parking lots and other places where Cuban refugees would congregate. Margeson was unable to understand these conversations because HOWARD spoke to the Cuban refugees in Spanish and Margeson does not understand that language. The purpose of these efforts was to recruit a volunteer guerilla army and to raise funds to train and support this army for an invasion into Cuba. Margeson commented that he observed the volatile Latin temperament displayed by HOWARD, other Mexican Americans and the Cuban refugees and that this temperament possibly explains there extreme emotions in connection with anti-Castro movement.

"Sometime during 1961 HOWARD went to Florida for the purpose of training volunteers for the guerilla army which was to invade Cuba. HOWARD seemed particularly suited for this activity in view of his expertise in handling firearms and knives. HOWARD told Margeson he had served in the U.S. Army and had received a medical discharge because of an injury to his foot. Margeson noticed that HOWARD limped after he had been walking for a prolonged period of time. Margeson received a post card from HOWARD and the postcard was from Marathon Key, Florida, in the Florida Keys. HOWARD mentioned Big Pine and Little Pine as being nearby Marathon Key, and Margeson assumed that the guerilla warfare training was taking place in that area.

"HOWARD returned to Los Angeles after several months, arriving sometime in 1962. Accompanying HOWARD was Rudy Hernandez, a white male of Mexican descent, in his 20's, 5'2" to 5'4" in height, stocky build, black hair and dark complexion. Also accompanying HOWARD was a while male, age in the late 20's, 5'8" to 5'9", 150 to 165 pounds, slender build whom Margeson knew only as 'Slim.' HOWARD resided with his wife in their home near Margeson's residence and Hernandez and 'Slim' resided in the Olive Hotel, Olive Street, Los Angeles. Hernandez, 'Slim,' and Margeson obtained employment painting and refurbishing the Old Union Temple Building located behind the Los Angeles Greyhound Bus Station, which was supervised by a man named Jack Casey. This building reportedly housed the Marquade Printing Shop in the basement which at the time was engaged in printing the original draft of Richard M. Nixon's book after he lost the Presidential election. HOWARD, Hernandez and 'Slim' began talking about a man called 'Tex' who was coming to Los Angeles from New Orleans. From their comments Margeson learned that 'Tex' was not involved in the guerilla training movement in Florida but that 'Tex' was considered to be a very important person by Margeson's friends. They indicated that 'Tex' was one of their people and implied that he had something to do with the Cuban invasion. HOWARD had mentioned that on his way back to Los Angeles from Florida, he had driven a car from New Orleans to Los Angeles for a company involved in 'dead-heading' or relocating cars. In late 1962 or early 1963 'Tex' arrived in Los Angeles and roomed with Hernandez and 'Slim' at the Olive Hotel. Margeson described 'Tex' as a white male age in his late 20's or early 30's, 5' 8" to 5' 9" in height, 150 to 160 pounds, slender build, brown hair and medium complexion. Margeson was curious about 'Tex' because of the fuss made over him by his friends and prior to 'Tex's' arrival, Margeson approached HOWARD with the suggestion of Margeson having 'Tex' at his home for dinner. HOWARD'S first reaction was one of reluctance but eventually he conceded. When 'Tex' arrived Margeson drove to the Olive Hotel in order to take 'Tex' back to Margeson's home for dinner. Margeson found it was very difficult to make conversation with 'Tex.' Many times 'Tex' would not reply to a question and generally had a very dull personality. 'Tex' told Margeson he had never been in the Los Angeles area before. In anticipation of introducing 'Tex' to his wife, Margeson asked 'Tex' his name. At first 'Tex' hesitated but then told Margeson his name. Although Margeson is not positive, he believes that 'Tex' gave the name of LEE HARVEY or HARVEY LEE. Margeson said he recalls these names through word association based on the fact that he has a relative by the name of Lee and another relative by the name of Harvey. After eating a delicious home cooked meal, 'Tex' did not even bother to thank Margeson or Margeson's wife.

"'Tex' began working on the Old Union Temple Building with Hernandez, 'Slim' and Margeson. The supervisor of this work, Jack Casey, was seldom on the job and therefore, Margeson and the others spent only a small amount of their time actually working with most of their time being devoted to 'bull sessions.' 'Tex' gave the impression that he was a rough and tumble type person who liked the idea of guerilla type warfare, however, Margeson was told by the others that 'Tex' had received an undesirable or a bad conduct discharge from the military. Margeson did hold this against 'Tex' since Margeson had received a bad conduct discharge from the military. 'Tex' frequently talked about making big money and his schemes usually involved violence. As an example, Margeson recalled 'Tex' talking about a guerilla type raid on a diamond mine in Peru in which everyone in the mine would be killed and a fortune in diamonds would be seized. 'Tex' mentioned something about a $50,000 reward for Castro's head. One of 'Tex's' peculiarities was determine how quickly he could get from the top of the building in which they were working to the lobby and he would frequently challenge someone to a race. Margeson said he did not know how 'Tex' got from the top of the building to the lobby because they took different routes in their races but he thought that 'Tex' might be sliding down the elevator cables. In one of their bull sessions Margeson asked 'Tex' if he and his group had any contact with the CIA. In response, 'Tex' took a scrap of paper out of his wallet and showed it to Margeson. This scrap of paper had a name and telephone number on it. Margeson cannot recall the name but remembers that it was the name of a prominent family in the South. "Tex's' purpose in showing Margeson this name was to show Margeson that he had connections with important people. 'Tex' stayed for about one month then left the Los Angles area, not indicating where he was going, and Margeson never heard from 'Tex' again. Hernandez and 'Slim' left at the same time but Margeson does not know if they left together. During the time that Margeson and the others were working the Old Union Temple Building, HOWARD never came to that building, and Margeson got the impression that HOWARD intentionally avoided being seen with that group at that building, but Margeson did not know the reason.

"After the Bay of Pigs incident, Margeson asked HOWARD what he intended to do since the Cuban invasion had failed. Although HOWARD never made any statements, Margeson felt HOWARD implied that he or someone associated with the anti-Castro movement intended to do something very spectacular and to blame it on Castro. This incident was to be so horrendous as to put the United States Government in such a position that they would be forced to openly invade Cuba.

"Around October 1963 Margeson moved from Trigg Street to East 53rd Street, Maywood, California, and he lost contact with HOWARD. At that time HOWARD was working for a trailer manufacturer on Whittier Blvd. in Los Angeles. Margeson saw HOWARD'S name and address in the Los Angeles Times in connection with HOWARD being subpoenaed by former District Attorney Garrison...Margeson and his wife drove to this address, which he believes was in San Gabriel or South San Gabriel, in order to see HOWARD and talk over old times. Margeson recalled that HOWARD resided near Rose Mead Blvd. When Margeson and his wife arrived at HOWARD'S residence, there was a truck camper parked in the driveway with a Cadillac parked behind it. Margeson rang the doorbell and could hear voices inside through the partially opened front door. HOWARD came to the door with an automatic pistol in his hand looking out of the door cautiously to see who was there. When HOWARD recognized Margeson, he told Margeson he was busy at the moment, and asked Margeson to return in about an hour. When Margeson returned in an hour, HOWARD again came to the door with the pistol in his hand. HOWARD then put the pistol in his belt and invited the Margeson's inside. During the time they were talking Margeson noticed there was another automatic pistol on the telephone stand near the sofa and HOWARD indicated during their conversation that he had seven loaded guns in his house. HOWARD told Margeson that things were a little tough since he had been subpoenaed to testify in New Orleans. He showed Margeson an envelope and said that it contained his airplane tickets to New Orleans and a letter from D.A. Garrison. Margeson asked HOWARD if he were going to go to New Orleans to testify. HOWARD answered that the man who had just been at his home who was driving the Cadillac was HOWARD'S attorney and that he had been taking HOWARD'S deposition so that HOWARD would not have to go testify. HOWARD said that if he might go to New Orleans they might lock him up and lose the key.

"HOWARD told Margeson that his wife and two daughters were with his mother and that he was staying in his home alone. HOWARD commented that he did not know who could be an enemy and that he had to be very cautious. Margeson commented that HOWARD was not the kind of person who ever seemed to be afraid of anything, but that he appeared very frightened at that time. Margeson believes this visit took place in 1968.

"After this visit, Margeson lost contact with HOWARD. Margeson stated that he subsequently observed a great deal of national publicity in the various media concerning the arrest of HOWARD and five other individuals in a 38 foot boat off the Florida coast for a violation of the Neutrality Act. The names of the other five individuals were Cuban names. HOWARD was in possession of a 7 mm or .32 caliber Browning automatic pistol that Margeson had previously sold to HOWARD.

"Margeson's curiosity concerning the activities of HOWARD, Hernandez, 'Slim' and 'Tex' was aroused when the Watergate incident was receiving so much publicity. Margeson speculated that HOWARD, who always described himself as a soldier-of-fortune, must have been involved in President Kennedy's assassination and this was the incident HOWARD meant when he referred to something that would force the United States to invade Cuba. Margeson also speculated that HOWARD must have known E. HOWARD HUNT because E. HOWARD HUNT spent time in Florida when he was with the CIA and that HUNT would have known anyone such as HOWARD who was involved in training guerillas for a possible invasion of Cuba.

"Margeson began thinking about 'Tex' when he reviewed photographs of LEE HARVEY OSWALD. Margeson stated that 'Tex' looked very much like OSWALD, but that he is certain that 'Tex' is not OSWALD because their mouths were considerably different and OSWALD had a weaker chin. Margeson said that the November 1971 edition of True Magazine contains an article concerning Alpha-66, a Miami based militant Cuban exile group. The author of this article was Dean E. Bostick. The same magazine contains a photograph of Bostick which seems to Margeson to be identical to HOWARD. The magazine also contains some information concerning Bostick, describing Bostick as a freelance writer and a soldier-of-fortune who had been involved in the seizure of a 38 foot boat by the U.S. Coast Guard in the straits between Florida and Cuba in early September of that year and that this boat contained ammunition and parts of a .50 caliber machine gun. The magazine indicated that Bostick was released on his own recognizance and that charges against him were later dropped.

"Margeson stated that he does not actually have any information which would connect HOWARD or any of HOWARD'S friends with the assassination of President Kennedy. He explained that he had a lot of free time since he lost his job in October 1974 and that he had started thinking about these matters and formulating his own theories. He said that his memory has become somewhat hazy and that he is uncertain as to names and dates and much of the other information.

"It was pointed out to Margeson that some of the information he had furnished was contradictory to that furnished by Sheriff Allen L. Capwell, Wyoming County, Warsaw, New York, as related by Capwell as having been told to him by Margeson. Margeson stated his only explanation is that Sheriff Capwell mush have misunderstood him.

"It is noted that Margeson's home has the appearance of a one room shack and was in a disorderly condition. Margeson was contacted at approximately 8:15 a.m. and still had not arisen. Although Margeson speaks relatively well, he appears to confuse fact with his own theories. Dallas, Los Angeles and New Orleans evaluate results of above interview and advise the Bureau." [NARA 124-10265-10228]

The Dallas FBI Office concluded: "From a review of the interview with Richard Monroe Margeson it does not appear that he has furnished any information that requires additional investigation. He has stated he is certain that 'Tex' was not LEE HARVEY OSWALD. If the Bureau feels additional investigation is warranted, it would appear an inquiry could be made to locate employment records of individuals working in the Old Union Temple Building or of registrations available for the Olive Hotel, both Los Angeles, in an effort to identify 'Tex.' It is the recommendation of Dallas that no further action be taken." The FBI in New Orleans stated that LAWRENCE JOHN HOWARD had requested that Garrison send someone to Los Angeles to depose him. Subsequently he went to New Orleans and conferred with Garrison. [FBI 62-1827-160, 161]

HEMMING 1995: "Well that just tells me HOWARD probably recruited OSWALD. He had a habit of doing that, he was trying to set up his own organization. Which he did with Hall, when Hall showed up he recruited Hall. When these people go home they're working for whoever they're working for. HOWARD was not setting OSWALD up, he was finding out where he was coming from. The guy shows up on the scene and you're working as an informant for Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms or anybody else you're expected to fill out a goddamn index card on who this sucker is, try to get a copy of his prints and everything else. He probably was out on the West Coast meeting with HOWARD. And HOWARD would know shit about it, he just does he's told to fucking do."

Margeson witnessed OSWALD visit LAWRENCE JOHN HOWARD in Los Angeles in late 1963. Both OSWALD and HOWARD were friends of GERRY PATRICK HEMMING. Manuel Aguilar would also put LAWRENCE JOHN HOWARD and OSWALD together prior to the assassination of President John Kennedy. There was a period of time between when OSWALD was not working and OSWALD had no known address in Dallas.

OSWALD could have visited LAWRENCE JOHN HOWARD at this time for two days at the most. He could not have worked there, dined with the Margesons, confided in Richard Monroe Margeson. If OSWALD was in Los Angeles for two weeks, someone else would have spotted him. Richard Margeson's story about OSWALD riding elevator cables was designed to show that OSWALD could have committed the Kennedy assassination then quickly appeared on a lower floor of the Texas School Book Depository. Another FBI document associated "Tex" and "Larry." [Allen L. Capwell 4808 Midlb Warsaw NY 14569 716-786-3897]

The FBI reported that on November 22, 1963, at 5:50 p.m. "Jerry Rodgers phoned, stated he was phoning from Oxford 1-9597, said he resided at 18805 NW 185th Street and was employed by Regal Advertising, located off the 1100 block of Flagler Street. He related two days ago a man came into the Miami area was driving a black station wagon bearing Texas plate. He was believed to reside at 9529 NE 29th Street and might still be residing there. This individual was named 'Tex' or 'Larry' but Rogers did not know his last name. He made the statements that 'something big was going to happen in two days,' a few day ago. This statement was made by him in the Silver Moon Bar as well as Turner's Bar. Rodgers described 'Tex' as a white male, 6'4", 220 pounds, brown hair and eyes, glasses and a mustache, claims has a ranch near Austin, Texas. Above submitted for any action deemed advisable. Rodgers was advised that 18805 NW 185th Street did not seem to be an accurate address but he said that was the best address he recalled. Rodgers sounded as though he was drinking some." [NARA 124-10272-10011]

Wallace A. Pope, one of OSWALD'S co-workers at Jagger-Chiles-Stoval, was contacted in July 1993. He related: "He worked in the art department. I worked in the photo setter department. There was a wall between us, but we used the same darkroom. He was an odd ball, it seemed like, but he was a nice enough guy. He just didn't talk. My department did classified work. All he had to do was go into our section and look what we were doin'. It was map work. We did some government maps. It was really nothing that anyone could look at and tell anything about. The classified work did not concern Cuba. My department had to be cleared for Secrets. OSWALD'S department was not classified, but I'm not sure about that. [After the assassination] the FBI didn't ask me if classified work was being done there."

The Jagger-Chiles-Stoval Corporation was "cleared through the Navy Bureau of Materiel" to do classified work. While OSWALD worked there, Jagger-Chiles-Stoval was allegedly printing updated maps of Cuba for the CIA. A CIA Office of Security report on Jagger-Chiles-Stoval cited an FBI report which stated:

2. A check of the records disclosed a reference to the Dallas firm of Jagger-Chiles-Stovall on page 48 of an FBI report prepared by S.A. Thomas C. McGoldrick at San Francisco, 8/8. November 14, 1958, on John Joseph Bittner, Cost Accounting Clerk, Finance and Accounting Department, U.S. Corps of Engineers, Albuquerque, New Mexico, Espionage- R. The Bureau's report indicates that Jagger-Chiles-Stovall is a company dealing with matters involving topography and maps. The report also indicates that as of July 22, 1958, the company handled confidential work for Chance Voight Aircraft and for other national defense establishments.

3. According to the Bureau's report, a telephone call was made from the home of John Earl Sherman and his wife, Katherine Sherman, to the Dallas office of Jagger-Chiles-Stovall on August 11, 1957. The purpose of the telephone call and the name of the person called apparently has not been established. Bittner was investigated by the Bureau in connection with the allegation that he attempted to obtain information from military personnel for espionage purposes."

On January 31, 1964, Birch D. O'Neal of CI/SIG misconcluded:

4. On the basis of information available at this time, it is not possible to determine whether OSWALD had any contacts with Jagger-Chiles-Stovall, Inc. personnel or that he ever attempted to obtain employment with the company." [10WH167; WCD75 p78; CIA 1305-472; WC Test. to Jenner by Stovall p171; CIA 507-802 - Bittner]

The President of Jagger-Chiles-Stoval , Robert Stovall, was contacted in July 1993. He related: "OSWALD was incompetent. Classified? All it was a bunch of words. It was some placement for maps, but we didn't have the maps. 'Moscow,' 'Berlin' a few other words like that - so what? We didn't make maps - we only set type. It was blown way out of proportion. OSWALD was not around when we handled Chance Voight work. It was over." Robert Stovall told the Warren Commission OSWALD "never worked with Army maps and did not have access to that section." Stovall was trying to protect his company. Gerald Posner quoted Robert Stovall, rather than checking with Wallace A. Pope, who was listed in Edward Epstein's book, Legend.

OSWALD had applied for work at other companies with ties to the defense establishment. OSWALD had the words "Howell instru. 3429 West Vickory (?)ove Rd Personal Labdell" in his address book. The Howell Instrument company was located at 3479 West Vickory. It produced ground test equipment and gauges for civilian and military aircraft. Isabell Corbell was personnel manager. Flyleaf 3 contained the notation "Freef 12:00." - a Rowena W. Freefield lived in Dallas, Texas and was an analyst for Texas Instruments. When Rowena W. Freefield was contacted in April 1993 she stated she had no first-hand knowledge of OSWALD. The flyleaf contained the words "Ros Page." A Rosemary Page lived in Dallas and worked for Northrup in Garland, Texas. Rosemary Page worked with air conditioner parts.

OSWALD'S landlord on Mercedes Street, Chester Riggs, was contacted in July 1993: "I saw him weekly. He was an aloof, strange, different individual, very quiet, he read quite a bit. Not an aggressive person. He was relatively orderly. It was a low income area. The house was built during the war years for General Dynamics employees. I don't know how OSWALD found out the property was for let. OSWALD had his own entrance. The postman that came there also delivered to my commercial building where I had a business and told me that OSWALD was being investigated for receiving subversive literature."

In October 1962 OSWALD wrote to the Trotskyist Socialist Workers Party in New York City. He attempted to join the Socialist Workers Party, but his application was not accepted because no chapter existed in the Dallas area. He wrote the Socialist Workers Party again, and offered his assistance in preparing posters. In October 1962 OSWALD wrote to a splinter group called the Socialist Labor Party and he requested literature. Prior to this, OSWALD had contacted the Soviet Embassy and the Daily World, the organ of the Communist Party. Now he was contacting the splinter groups of the left, who opposed the Communist Party. On October 17, 1962, the FBI SAC in New York sent a memorandum to the SAC in Dallas, Subject, Publishers New Press Inc. "Bureau letter to all offices, dated March 24, 1960, entitled, 'Security Investigations of Individuals' requested New York to obtain subscription lists of The Worker and to furnish the identities of subscribers to appropriate offices. (Deleted) Instructions to be followed by each office upon receipt of this information are set forth in referenced Bureau letter. (Name of Agents who initialed this document to file were deleted)." [FBI 100-8264-168 10.17.62 Subj: Pub. New Press Inc.]

In December 1962 OSWALD sent the Socialist Workers Party money for a subscription to The Militant. OSWALD sent a New Years card to the Soviet Embassy in Washington, D.C.

HEMMING told the HSCA: "On another occasion he met OSWALD, after his group had been arrested at No Name Key on December 4, 1962, OSWALD had been trying to infiltrate HEMMING'S group at the motel where they were being detained. HARGRAVES and Ashmann also saw OSWALD. Last year, while in Los Angeles, LAWRENCE HOWARD reminded HEMMING of the incident with OSWALD at the motel after the arrest." HEMMING claimed OSWALD was trying to "set me up for a fucking fall and I'm dismissing him right away. He's the guy that says he knows me from here, here and there. The fucker's following me. He shows up in Miami when we were released from jail in Key West and we fly back with Chuck Ashmann. Ashmann set up a press conference at the fucking motel. When we come into the airport, fresh out of jail, I got into a big fucking argument with Ashmann and the T.V. people and all. That's when LARRY HOWARD came over. He said, 'Hey, that guy over there says he knows you and it's very important.' I look over. He looks familiar. I send Steve Justin Wilson over to talk to him. Steve Justin Wilson comes back. This infuriates me. What am I fucking jacking my dick? I have a fuckin' argument going, and he's tapping me on the shoulder about some puke who wants to join the fucking group. I says 'Larry get that mother-fucker out of here!' and I pointed at him. As far as I'm concerned he's a fucking snitch. I look at him and the bells go off - 'Snitch! Snitch! Snitch!' and we run his fucking ass off. In 1981 HOWARD and I remembered it was OSWALD. He was trying to get in the group at that time. This was December 7, 1962. Why the fuck is OSWALD always running into me?"

HEMMING was asked to identify the entity OSWALD was "snitching" to: "Army, G-2." There are no informants reports using OSWALD in Army Intelligence files. HEMMING claimed: "I had no conversations with him except for the ones before he left for the Soviet Union."

OSWALD might have been at No Name Key. There was evidence in OSWALD'S address book that linked him with the International Anti-Communist Brigade and INTERPEN.

The name "Forinis" appeared in OSWALD'S address book. Asked to assess that entry in 1978, STURGIS responded:

A. If that name is me, I guarantee he got me in there to be set up to be killed, because at that time I was very strongly anti-Communist, my name was in the paper quite a bit, and he, supposedly by his wife's testimony, made an attempt to kill General Walker, who was an outspoken --

Q. John Connally was in the address book.

A. Whatever; and RICHARD NIXON, and so forth.

Q. Do you feel that you were in the same class on a hit list of OSWALD'S?

A. If that is my name there. I don't think that's my name there, but if that is my name, I would assume that this is his reason.

The words "Russ for Forin" also appeared. The letters "I-n" were written in a different ink.

Double Click here to view these pages from OSWALD'S address book. [Fiorini.JPEG]

On the page opposite to the entry "Russ for Forin" the letters "Hem" appeared disguised as the Russian word for "German." HEMMING told this researcher: "F-o-r-I-n. He's using a phonetic misspelling to indicate something else. You're correct. Those are my three FAA initials. H-E-M was how I signed off as a radar operator. You got OSWALD'S access to the New Orleans newspapers, but the Stuckey article was published in June 1962. I never gave him my name when I met his in Monterey Park. I didn't use my name when I visited him. The word reads H-e-m-e-u. I don't recognize that as a Russian word. It was written in the Soviet Union. Jesus Christ, you got a pimple looking like the fucking Goodyear Blimp. Quit pumping on the son-of-a-bitch! Three fucking letters out of a thousand." Double Click here to view this page from OSWALD'S address book. [Hemab.JPEG]

OSWALD'S address book contained the name "Colby." This may have referred to Edmund Kolby since his name was often misspelled. For example, a December 7, 1962, Counter-Intelligence Support Desk Memorandum stated: "In a name check run in Task Force W indices, a Colby [FNU] was reported in July 1962 as approaching a Standard Oil representative for financial support for his underground group." [Thomas A. Ogden CI Support Desk OS/OSD/SD/4] The FBI stated that the address book entry referred to Ted Colby, a Revlon Corporation salesman, since the number 1147 appeared directly behind the Colby entry, and Ted Colby lived at 4711 Homer Street in Dallas. [USSS #CO-2-34,030-197 p2] HEMMING told this researcher: "Kolby was in and out of New Orleans on merchant ships. Kolby told me in 1962 when he come off a merchant ship that he had ran into some assholes in New Orleans who I thought was Larry LaBorde, who was in a bar talking about training camps. Kolby don't talk." [Kolby's Last Known Address 4035 N. Meridan Ave Miami, Florida] Double Click here to view this page from OSWALD'S address book. [Colby in ab.JPEG]

A report from a source of uncertain reliability put OSWALD and FIORINI together prior to November 22, 1963. STURGIS associate William Johnson: "I remember one time when he [OSWALD] was down in a Flagler Street hotel. I had driven down there with FRANK. FRANK went in an' seen him. When he was in the hotel, downtown, with the revolution group. It wasn't FRANK'S brigade. I couldn't give you the date, whatever the time that group of Cubans was down there, he was down there. It's in the books. He was going down to see the Cubans, there was somebody down there he was going to meet. But OSWALD was there too. Later I knew OSWALD was there with them when the story broke loose later. It was the same time I took FRANK down there. The local Cubans were recruiting, they had some group they put together. I don't know their leader. He never said he was going to see OSWALD. I read about it later, at the time. It was in the paper - OSWALD was there with a group of Cubans at the time. OSWALD was downtown, in Miami. I'll see if I can dig that story up for you. There's one you missed."

The FBI stated that "Information concerning HEMMING'S group's possible association with LEE HARVEY OSWALD is set forth on pages 4 and 5 of report of S.A. James O'Conner, December 3, 1963 at Miami captioned LEE HARVEY OSWALD aka; IS-R. Bureau file 105-82555; (New Orleans file 100-16601). Information concerning HEMMING'S possible participation in the assassination of President Kennedy is set forth on pages 296 and 297 of report of S.A. Robert P. Gemberling, June 19, 1964, at Dallas, captioned same as Airtel."

In January 1963 Charles Ashmann said the CIA and other government agencies were guilty of entrapment in HEMMING'S No Name Key bust. On January 8, 1963, the FBI reported: "(Deleted) advised that although HEMMING claims to be anti-Communist, he is amoral, being for or against Communism depending on how it personally affects him; he is capable of anything and is motivated by a dream of future economic and political advantage and power in Latin America. (Deleted)." [FBI Hq. 2-1693-76 page 3, 4 w/h] On January 8, 1963, the FBI in Miami generated a document titled William J. Dempsey, aka Bill Internal Security - Cuba - Neutrality Matters. [FBI 2-312] A CIA representative discussed HEMMING'S case with U.S. Attorney Edith House on January 19, 1963. Edith House asked if HEMMING was connected with the CIA. The CIA representative expressed his conviction that HEMMING was not a KUBARK agent, but could possibly be in a position to identify CIA personnel, since HEMMING had come into contact with Lawrence J. LaBorde. [CIA From: JMWAVE to TFW 10 1.19.63 ] The No Name Key charges were dismissed on January 22, 1963, because the Justice Department failed to go ahead with the prosecution. In October 1977 the FBI reclassified documents about the raid on No Name Key as "SECRET, Date of Automatic Declassification: Indefinite." [FBI 2-1693 Miami Report 12.3.62, p1 para 3,5] On January 22, 1963, The Miami Herald contained a press release from Steve Justin Wilson, INTERPEN member which noted the group was returning to their training camp at No Name Key, and would resume training and would take along their arsenal of rifles, pistols, bombs and grenades.

On January 23, 1963, HEMMING and Loran Hall visited Dallas. They were interviewed by Larry Grove of the Dallas Morning News. The article stated: "'Someday GERRY will get back into Cuba and he'll be caught and lined up against the wall' Wally Welch summarized after his visitors had left. 'Some guys have it in them that way - they get an alligator by the tail and they won't let go.' Welch is an ex-Navy boatswain. They call him 'boats.' He was involved in Cuba back when Batista was the ogre and involved some more after Fidel Castro betrayed the revolution...GERRY appears en route back to No Name Key from a visit to his California home. He's just passing through."

On January 27, 1963, using the name A.J. Hidell, OSWALD ordered a Smith & Wesson, .38 caliber, revolver from George Rose and Company, a mail order house in Los Angeles,. HEMMING said he did business with George Rose and Company. On the order form "D.F. Drittal" claimed that A.J. Hidell was a citizen and was never convicted of a felony. On January 28, 1963, ANGLETON generated CSCI 3/774,255, which linked HEMMING with anti-CIA exile Arimino Fonseca. HEMMING told this researcher: "He was killed later on in Cuba."

On February 3, 1963, HEMMING wrote this letter to Dick Billings of Life Magazine:

"Dear Dick: We have been very busy here in Florida since arriving two weeks ago. We hit just about every newspaper between L.A. and Miami on the trip. Did interviews with most of them. Did T.V. interview in Dallas for two days. Spent time with General Edwin Walker both those days. Appears he plans to involve his element in the Cuban fight. Contacted the raider groups i.e. Alpha-66, DRE, Cardenas raiders, Major Vidal's raiders...We have completed the following: The DRE group is set for their first lecture in Denver...The DRE group leaders are extremely interested in showing their films and slides, stills, etc. in Texas and California. The only obstacle to their tour of lectures is lack of airplane tickets and funds for food, hotel, etc...The DRE maintains a teletype machine in the HQ, Miami, (UPI) so if you want to communicate on anything routine for me, then check with a buddy in one of the wire services. The Alpha 66 group and new Committee of Rebel Officers are available for lectures. They have English speaking members with real interesting backgrounds. Andrew St. George did a story did a story on them in Life Magazine last December...Major Felipe Vidal, who speaks English, is available. He has done 23 missions in the last year...Enclosed find one handout issued by the new Revolutionary 'Elmer Gantry,' one Alexander Rorke, Jr. A phony...Rorke put the bad mouth on our group last month to Ruby Hart Philipps of the New York Times. This has been rectified. He is presently on tour throughout the East coast, prior to our witnessing his two hour revolutionary 'MacBeth' act in West Palm Beach last week, he had been claiming to have flown 'AIR COVER' for the DRE boys on their raid to Havana last summer. We took two of the leaders of that raid to his act, and he got a little a shook when he recognized them walking in on the middle of act #2. The DRE states that it met Rorke only once last year, and that was when Rorke showed up in Miami and asked them to 'loan' him some guns. Last December, on our arrest by Customs, there was present one Remigio Arce, 'Cucu,' who had captained Rorke's boat, the Violin III, on a run to Cuba. 'Cucu' got messed up by some of Rorke's orders on the run and ended up out of fuel about 20 miles off the North Coast of Matanzas Province. 'Cucu' called on a radiotelephone to a relative's house and asked for a fuel drop. We were asked for assistance by the relative. I called that night on the telephone via Miami Marine Operator and talked to 'Cucu,' and then to Rorke. He had already called for the U.S. Coast Guard for help (100 gallons gas). I advised him that we could have a boat rendezvous with him in about four to six hours it he would not want to jettison his illegal cargo. A few minutes passed and he stated that he had the Coast Guard in contact and would go ahead an refuel from them. It seems that the other American disagreed with this decision and they engaged a very seasick Rorke in a lengthy argument that continued all the way back to Key West. The other Americans were students that Rorke had conned into financing, and they were determined to go all the way to the island, which Rorke had no intentions from the beginning of doing. This Rorke has already been on a large number of aborted expeditions. He is the same Rorke that had an F8F Bearcat Navy Fighter confiscated in Fort Lauderdale three months back, after stupidly bringing it right under the noses of the Customs people. This way he looks like a hard-charging commando with out ever sticking his lily white neck out. After arrival at Key West the argument continued in a restaurant outside of the Boca Chica Naval Air Station. The students then had one of their smallest take on six foot two inch Rorke, and he proceeded to throw Rorke all over the terrain, breaking three ribs in the process. You will notice where Rorke claims that a 55 gallon oil drum fell on him during a storm with on a 'dangerous' mission to Cuba. Other claims to fame that are interesting:

1. That he works with Major Nino Diaz. Nino wants to break his head.

2. His build up of phony FIORINI is a riot. FRANK don't love him no more cause 'Fat Daddy' ain't getting his cut any more.

3. 'Underground Chief' Tico Herrera is sitting about ten feet from me now and he has never heard of Rorke, but would like to talk it over though.

4. He was not the first reporter imprisoned by Castro, he was arrested by Rafael Hugett, II Front Escambray, at Major William Morgan's house at 66th & 7th Avenue, Havana, August 7, 1959. I was there dad. He has been claiming to be Morgan's buddy recently, what a laugh. Morgan would have blasted him if given the chance. I did an operation with Ralph Hugett to Cuba in August 1961.

5. If he is a 35 year old World War II veteran, then he was a 17 year old teenage German provincial commander that captured mucho SS men.

6. FIORINI was never a member of Edson's Raiders, according to the service record book, the Raider Association etc...

7. Major Pedro Diaz Lanz is a crook, thief, swindler, traitor to his country. He was not the first chief of the FAR. The first was Captain Evans Rosales Bressler, released last month from Havana's La Cabana Fortress Prison sick with TB (he refused to fly against the invaders during April 1961). The 2nd Chief of the FAR was Captain Orestes Del Rio, who was my C.O. in the FAR at San Julian Air base. The third Chief of the FAR was Captain Enrique Molina Rivera, who is sitting in the next room tonight..." On February 7, 1963, the FBI generated a report on "Wallace H. Welch, HEMMING and Lorenzo Hall, Dallas, Texas." HEMMING told this researcher: "I was in Baltimore, Maryland, on February 7, 1963." The Retail Merchant's Credit Association of Fort Worth stated that the FBI inquired about OSWALD on February 7, 1963. FBI 2-1693-77 concerned HEMMING'S activities and was dated February 19, 1963. None of it was released.

On February 12, 1963 HEMMING wrote a letter to General C.V. Clifton, Military Aide to the President, the White House, 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W. Washington, D.C. In this letter, HEMMING gave General Clifton a synopsis of this background in the Marines, then stated: "While attending the U.S. Navy Academy Prep School I became interested in the Cuban situation and upon graduation I decided to separate from the service and travel to Cuba. I received my Honorable Discharge at the U.S. Naval Academy in October 1958.

On November 27, 1963, Allen Courtney called S.A. James O'Conner and told him that when GERALD PATRICK HEMMING, Steve Justin Wilson, Edward A. Collins, Howard K. Davis and Charles Ashmann were on his radio show in February 1963, he received a telephone call from a New Orleans man, a former Marine who wanted to join INTERPEN. The man had identified himself with some variation of the name LEE HARVEY OSWALD. Allen Courtney told S.A. James O'Conner that he should contact Howard K. Davis, the man to whom the caller was referred. Howard K. Davis denied that had spoken with OSWALD.

The FBI: "On November 29, 1963, Howard Kenneth Davis, 3350 N.W. 18th Terrace, Miami, Florida, advised a Special Agent of the FBI that he is a U.S. citizen and is known as Davey. Davis stated he has been associated with revolutionary activities for the past six years. Davis advised that in about December 1962, he along with soldiers-of-fortune GERALD PATRICK HEMMING, Steve Wilson, LeRoy Collins and Miami Attorney Charles Ashmann, appeared on Allen Courtney's radio program. Courtney interviewed them concerning their activities in training Cuban refugees in military warfare for future guerilla activity in Cuba. Near the end of the program, a telephone call was received by Courtney, who turned this call over to Davis. The caller did not identify himself, said he believed Davis knew him, and spoke very complimentary of Davis' groups activities in training Cuban exiles. Davis recognized the callers voice as a person from Fort Lauderdale, Florida, who is the son of the dealer for Miller High Life Beer. Davis said he could not recall the person's name, that this person had previously donated some food to the military training camp operated by Davis and his group at No Name Key, Florida. Davis said there is no reason to believe that the caller was LEE HARVEY OSWALD. OSWALD'S name was never mentioned and up to that time neither Courtney nor Davis and his group had ever heard of OSWALD.

Howard K. Davis was contacted in April 1993: "OSWALD did make contact with us at one time that I'm aware of. He called and made inquiries regarding joining the Brigade. If it went any farther than that I'm not aware of it. I believe I spoke with him on one occasion, and I believe he might have spoken with some other people on another. But that was not so much for the International Anti-Communist Brigade...that was FRANK STURGIS, wasn't it? Whether or not he made any contact with him, I have no knowledge. You know, a lot of things happen."

HEMMING reported: "This was in February or March 1963. Allen Courtney's wife took the call, wrote OSWALD'S name on a piece of paper and stuck it up to the window of the studio. Howard K. Davis didn't take the call. I told Steve Justin Wilson to give the call to Collins. I told him that I thought the guy was a snitch."

On February 28, 1963, the FBI reported: "Deleted was accompanied by an individual named 'JERRY" (LNU) (Deleted) During the course of the conversation JERRY claimed that he was training Cuban exiles in military warfare and that there had been an announcement on the radio that the United States Government was going to place travel restrictions on Cuban refugees. JERRY said the American Government had a yellow streak, and that his group was planning to send a white feather to John F. Kennedy as a sign of cowardliness." HEMMING told this researcher: "That's Loran Hall running his mouth. He'd seen this movie, The Four Feathers. Why would I go around bad-mouthing Kennedy? We were in touch with Kennedy's people." (Deleted) advised that JERRY also claimed that raids on Cuba would continue to be made from the United States and that if any American Navy sailors got in the way, they would be dead. (Deleted) advised that the above mentioned person, (LNU) appears to be GERALD PATRICK HEMMING in as much as HEMMING does train Cubans and continuously speaks against United States Government policy." [FBI HQ 2-1693-83 p1,3-4, w/h] On February 17, 1963, Marina Oswald wrote to the Soviet Embassy in Washington, D.C. and stated that she wished to return to the Soviet Union, but her husband would remain in the United States.

While OSWALD lived in the Dallas/Fort Worth area he was acquainted with at least 30 Russian émigrés. [WR p281] Why did OSWALD, an alleged Marxist, associate with his enemies? Why did his enemies associate with him? Many of these exiles were connected with the CIA. Did birds of a feather, flock together? HEMMING told this researcher: "You don't just show up at people's doorsteps and say 'Here I am.' Who made the introductions? He didn't arrive in town with an address book full of names. He didn't stumble into these people. These people are all on the payroll. That's why they are in the country. Do you think they would voluntarily associate with a defector? Jesus Christ, how stupid is that? They weren't the kind of people that would allow that kind of asshole around. If he told them truth about his past, hell, they'd kick him so goddamned hard in the ass they'd both have to go to hospital. They'd go there to get their boot out of his ass. It would jeopardize their clearances, their Green Cards, their world would turn to shit if they were caught hanging out with a commie fucking defector. Jesus Christ, these cocksuckers even gave me a hard time because I was in Cuba. And at the same time they are sucking OSWALD'S dick? Bullshit! How the fuck would they take in an OSWALD? That's the phoniest goddamn story that ever existed. Somebody allowed, believed that he wasn't what he appeared to be, without going further. He went to the Soviet Union, but would not discuss who sent him, or what he was doing. The Warren Commission didn't want to hear that shit from these people that they suspected he was a government agent."

Paul Raigorodsky knew OSWALD. He was a former Russian Cavalry officer who left the Soviet Union during World War II and worked with the OSS. After the war, he worked as an aide to the Special Representative to Europe of NATO. Paul Raigorodsky opposed NATO concessions to the Soviet Union, and burned his credentials after he resigned. Paul Raigorodsky was a Director of the Tolstoy Foundation. The Tolstoy Foundation checked the bona fides of Russian exiles before they entered the United States to detect KGBniks using an "émigré" cover. He told the Warren Commission:

Raigorodsky: Now, anybody who comes through the Tolstoy Foundation, you know right off the bat they have been checked and rechecked and double-checked. There is no question about them. I mean that is the number one stamp.

Jenner: That's the number one stamp of approval of their genuineness?

Raigorodsky: Of approval, in fact the U.S. Government recognized that and has been, up to about a year or two ago, giving the Tolstoy Foundation as much as $400,000 a year. [9WH1]

In 1975 the Tolstoy Foundation received a grant from the Agency for International Development (AID). The Agency for International Development was often used as a CIA conduit and funded the construction of South Vietnam jail cells. The Agency for International Development also ran the International Police Academy. According to the Rockefeller Commission, "For more than 20 years the CIA, through a proprietary, conducted a training school for private police and security officers in the United States under Department of State and Agency for International Development auspices." [RR p39; J. Anderson NY Post 1.15.75; St. Petersburg Times 5.14.76] Thomas F. Milbank, a Director of the Tolstoy Foundation, funded the International Rescue Committee. Milbank, an associate of William F. Buckley, was related to Jeremiah Milbank of the law firm, Milbank, Tweed, Hadley and McCloy. Milbank, Tweed, Hadley and McCloy partner Morris Hadley, a former member of the Doolittle Committee and former Chairman of the Carnegie Corporation, was then the head of the CIA-backed Rubicon Foundation. Mrs. Morris Hadley was a trustee of the International Education Institute, which brought exchange students to the U.S. [Fnd. Lib. Center Annual Report 1963 Tol. Found. as cited by Group Research; Domhoff, G.W. The Higher Circles p79; Judis J. William F. Buckley 1988 p121].

Paul Raigorodsky was a friend of J. Edgar Hoover. [FBI DL 105-632] According to John D. Manley, III, Paul Raigorodsky was President of the Brook Hollow Golf Club. John Manley reported: "This is one of the most prestigious clubs in Texas and I find it hard to believe that Mr. Raigorodsky hosted LEE HARVEY OSWALD." [ltr. to AJW 7.23.93] On November 22, 1976, Michael Canfield visited Paul Raigorodsky in Dallas. He stated: "I told everything I knew to the Warren Commission. What is your interest in all of this?" Michael Canfield: "Oh I'm just curious, that's all." He asked: "But don't you know that curiosity killed the cat?" When Paul Raigorodsky was interviewed, he suffered from chronic gout. He died on March 16, 1977. [Dallas Morning News 3.17.77]

Paul Raigorodsky claimed he was an expert in detecting Soviet Agents - yet he never suspected that OSWALD might have been recruited by the KGB and sent to Dallas to spy on the White Russian community?

George Bouhe was another exile who knew OSWALD. He was the leader of the Dallas Diocese of the Greek Orthodox Church, which Newsweek reported was a CIA conduit. Shortly after World War II, George Bouhe returned to Russia with the American Committee for Russian Relief. He made a 5,000-mile uncensored tour, assessing war damage. George Bouhe was an accountant at the Lewis MacNaughton Oil Exploration Company. Lewis MacNaughton was a Director of the Republic National Bank. There, his fellow board member was Karl Hoblitzelle who established the Hoblitzelle Foundation, another CIA conduit. [WCD 735; WCD544; 8WH355; The War State Fred Cook; Wash. Post 2.18.67; Newsweek 2.27.67 p26, 3.6.67; Manchester, W. Kennedy p311] Page 19 of OSWALD'S address book contained the name "R. Harten Hawtorn." Romain Harten, of 3719 Hawthorne Street, Dallas, Texas, told the FBI that George Bouhe had given OSWALD his name and address as a possible place to stay, but he did not want a communist living with him. [FBI DL 100-10461 WGB; mvs 1.10.64 Brookhart]George Bouhe, born January 11, 1904, died in October 1980.

Max Edward Clark (born January 10, 1914), an attorney and former head of security for the Convair Division of the General Dynamics Corporation, knew OSWALD. Convair was an aircraft manufacturer that employed former Nazi scientists. Max Edward Clark had a CIA clearance: "Max E. Clark 176266-SSD, who on April 22, 1959, was granted (deleted) under project (deleted). Max Edward Clark was employed by Convair, a Division of General Dynamics Corporation, Fort Worth, Texas, as a 'Supervisor of Industrial Security and Investigation , requiring access to classified matter up to and including Top Secret.' During an investigation of Max Edward Clark in 1959, an OSI informant of known reliability at CVAC Fort Worth, made numerous disparaging and derogatory allegations about him." Five pages of the file dated April 27, 1959, were totally blacked out. [CIA 1303-474] In May 1977 Max Edward Clark stated: "I was never a CIA employee. I once worked for a defense contractor here and was cleared for Top Secret. I had a clearance from the Atomic Energy Commission." After receiving a CIA Office of Security memorandum about him, he acknowledged: "When I worked with General Dynamics I had a CIA contract during the time we were working on projects for them. I was cleared so many times it wasn't even funny."

If Max Edward Clark had all these Top Secret clearances, why had he associated with OSWALD? Max Edward Clark: "I was no longer working for Convair, I was in private practice as an attorney at the time. I met OSWALD because he came to Fort Worth and then he called. He called me directly. He got my number because my wife speaks Russian. He just wanted somebody to speak to his wife who could not speak English. The White Russian Community there were all very sympathetic people, and very kind people, and felt sorry for his wife and his small child because he was mistreating them. The White Russian community never had anything to do with OSWALD." [NYT 11.28.63 p17; 7WH475; Marchetti Cult of Intell. p122; CIA 1303-474]

Lydia Berdyanskaya was another émigré who knew Marina OSWALD. JAMES ANGLETON reported: "The files of this Agency contain the following pertinent information on one Lydia Dymitruk:

a. Lydia (nee Berdyanskaya aka Berjanskaya Dymitruk was born on April 3, 1926, in Rostow, Russia). She remained in Rostow with her parents until she was 16, when she was deported by the Germans to a work camp in Germany. When the war ended she entered a camp for displaced persons in Dusseldorf, Germany, where she met and married one Karel Lodwijk Verhelst, a Belgian citizen. With her husband she entered Belgium at an unknown date and resided in Antwerp. Reportedly she was a member of the Union of Soviet Patriots in Belgium from 1948 to 1952. Sometime in early 1952, while still married to Verhelst, Lydia began living with Gavrilovich (aka Pavel) Kostenko in Brussels. Belgian Police investigation of her relationship with Kostenko resulted in her being fined for adultery in September 1952. She was divorced by Verhelst in November 1953 and continued living with Kosenko, apparently as a common-in-law wife, until late 1954 or 1955.

(Vasiliy Gavrilovich (aka Pavel) Kostenko allegedly born on September 5, 1922, in Tula, USSR, served in the Soviet Army in World War II before joining the Vlassov forces in fighting against the Soviets. After the war he lived in Germany and Belgium and was active in several anti-Communist Russian emigre organizations including the National Labor Alliance (NTS). (Deleted) Kostenko was identified as a Soviet agent in clandestine contact with the Soviet Embassy in Brussels. He was expelled from the National Labor Alliance in February 1957 and on August 20, 1957, he left Brussels for Moscow. In a radio broadcast from East Berlin on September 17, 1957, sponsored by the Soviet Committee for Return to the Homeland, Kostneko bitterly attacked Russian emigre organizations in the West. Prior to leaving Belgium for the USSR Kostenko reportedly revealed that he had worked for Soviet intelligence since 1942 and that he was trained in the Soviet Union for intelligence work and dispatched to the West as a Soviet agent.

b. On June 27, 1956, in Ixelles, a suburb of Brussels, Lydia married Pavel Dymitruk who was born February 28, 1924, in Stariye-Dorohi, USSR [Stariye-Dorogi, Belorussian SSR], and who was described as a Belorussian student at the University of Louvain in Belgium. At an unknown date, possibly before his marriage to Lydia, Pavel Dymitruk immigrated to the United States. It was reported that in July 1957 he returned to Belgium to attempt to expedite a visa for Lydia to join him in the United States. As of August 1957, Dymitruk's U.S. residence was listed as 159 East Division Street, Rockford, Michigan.

c. In an interview in February 1977 in Antwerp, Belgium, concerning her application for a visa tot the United States, Lydia Dymitruk disclosed that:

(1) Her father managed a macaroni factory in Rostov-Don during the war, and did not serve in the army. In 1945 he was arrested by the NKVD and held for six months on charges concerning his activities during the war. (Lydia claimed that she was unaware of the exact charges made against her father). He was also removed from his position as manager of the macaroni factory.

(2) She wrote to her mother often and occasionally received correspondence from her. Her mother is glad that Lydia is in the West.

(3) She had been associated with the Union of Soviet Patriots for about two years but denied knowing that the Union of Soviet Patriots was politically motivated or was in contact with the Communist Party of Belgium.

(4) Her visa application, which she submitted on July 27, 1956, was drawn up by her husband, Pavel Dymitruk. In filling out the application form her husband had indicated a negative response to a question concerning association with a Communist Party or an organization affiliated with a Communist Party because she had not been "an actual member" of the Union of Soviet Patriots, and furthermore, it was her husband's belief that she was not a Communist.

(5) Lydia Berdyanskaya arrived in Brussels from Antwerp in February 1952, and lived with her sister, Annia Bouchat, for several months. Her sister was in contact with one (fnu) Markachuk, an officer from the Soviet Repatriation Mission in Brussels who had been attempting to have the sister repatriate to the Soviet Union. Shortly after her arrival at her sister's a woman from Liege (not further identified), gave her an address to go to for aid in resettling in Brussels. Lydia went to this address and was surprised to find that it was the Soviet Repatriation Mission. There she met Markachuk who tried to persuade her to return to the USSR. As a result, she and her sister wrote to their mother for her opinion on the matter and the mother advised them to stay in the West.

(6) She lived with Vasiliy G. Kostenko for two or three years from April 1952 and left him because "he drank too much vodka." She described Kostenko as an active anti-Communist.

3. The file of the Agency on Lydia Dymitruk has no entries beyond 1957 when she was living in Brussels.

4. The foregoing information was furnished to the FBI and the President's Commission on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy on April 22, 1964, in connection with the relationship between Lydia Dymitruk and Marina Oswald.

FOR THE DEPUTY DIRECTOR OF PLANS

JAMES ANGLETON

CSCI 3/780, 881

1- C/CI

1 - C/CI/SIG

1 - C/CI/OG/SOV

1 - C/CI/ R & A

1 - C/SR

1 - C/SR/CI

2 - C/SR/CI/R (hold cy & comeback cy)

1 - SR/O/US/dl

1 - 201-289,248

1 - RI/FI (deleted)

SR/CI/Research: (Deleted) May 12, 1964.

Pavel Kostenko was a deep-cover KGB agent who had infiltrated Vlasov's Army during World War II. General Andey Vlasov was a Russian who was captured by the Werhmacht in July 1942. During his confinement, he agreed to organize an army of disaffected Russian soldiers to fight against the Soviets.

During the postwar period, Pavel Kostenko penetrated the National Labor Alliance (NTS), a pro-Fascist émigré group whose members included the sons of former Czarist officials and generals in the White Russian Army. An acquaintance of OSWALD in Dallas, Igor Voshinin, was a member of the National Labor Alliance. The National Labor Alliance actively worked with the Nazis. Its wartime program condemned all Russian Jews to death. It had interlocking leadership with Vlasov's Army. Nonetheless, National Labor Alliance members were given immigrant visas to the United States. Beginning in 1949, the CIA dispatched National Labor Alliance members into the Soviet Union, since the National Labor Alliance had been sending spies there since the 1930's. National Labor Alliance agents either went in on a specific intelligence mission and then returned, or were integrated into Soviet society as sleepers, or active agents. Several spies apprehended by the Soviets in the mid-1960's admitted working for the National Labor Alliance.

Pavel Kostenko penetrated the National Labor Alliance until 1955, when his clandestine connection to the Soviet Embassy, Brussels, was finally uncovered. A CIA source reported that Pavel Kostenko tried to recruit him to work for the Soviets; "Pavel Kostenko told this source that he had been working as a Soviet agent for the past four years. Kostenko made this revelation prior to attempting to recruit source to work for Soviets. He said that his Soviet contact had questioned him about Source and was interested in Source's contacts with the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions through Elizabeth Phillips. Kostenko implied that the source would receive 6,000 Belgian Francs from the Soviets for a report on what he knew about Phillips. Elaborating on his contact wit the Soviets, Kostenko said that he only met his Soviet contact once per month and was only asked about information about various persons. These contacts were always made out of doors and Kostenko said he was furnished an itinerary to follow to the contact site." [NARA 1993.07.31.10:10:07:51:060057]

The CIA generated this document:

TO: Chief, WE

FROM: Chief of Station, Brussels.

DATE: August 16, 1957

SUBJECT: General - Vasiliy Gavrilovich Kostenko (DOB September 22, 1922, Tula, USSR)

Specific: Information passed to (Deleted).

References A. (Deleted) 443

B. (Deleted) 8570

1. Attached is information developed from the (Deleted) operation which was passed to (Deleted) on April 8, 1957, in conjunction with information of (deleted) ref. B. The reports were post dated at (Deleted)'s request so that, if necessary, (Deleted) could make it appear they were kept informed of the information as it developed.

2. The proposed interrogation of Kostenko has not taken place. The story behind this may be difficult for a (deleted - Belgian) bureaucrat to understand, but (deleted) burying this case when he has a strong position for interrogation may be caused to some extent by the fact that his trump cards were supplied by (deleted) only after we were finished with (deleted). In any case, final decision not to interrogate Kosenko is apparently caused by more than inertia.

3. On April 1, 1957, (Deleted) of (Deleted) that Lydia Dymitruk had contacted (deleted) and complained that Kostenko, her ex-lover, had returned from Germany and was causing her considerable trouble. Kostenko threatened to keep her from going to the United States to join her husband, Pavel Dymitruk. As Lydia is a Belgium citizen (by marriage to Karel Lodwijk Verhelst) (Deleted) apparently felt morally bound to protect her. (Deleted) and (Deleted) feared that in their enthusiasm (Deleted) might create a scene and cause Kostenko file to be rerouted.

4. (Deleted) first reaction was to get Lydia on a boat for the U.S. and therefore bury the subject. (Deleted) asks (Deleted) if (Deleted) would help her with her visa but (Deleted) told him the question of whether or not she received her visa was out of our hands (Attachment B is a (Deleted) investigation of Lydia, Attachment C is (Deleted) report of his Lydia questioning of Lydia (par (Deleted)-287) which was sanitized and passed to (deleted) at the U.S. Consulate. Only after they were told that Lydia's visa application was being reviewed, and she would probably be around for some time did (Deleted) and (Deleted) start planning to interrogate Kostenko.

5. (Deleted) requested summaries of the (Deleted) and Kostenko information which had been promised them in order to plan the attack and (Deleted) passed the information on April 8, 1957. (Deleted) discussed an interrogation plan with (Deleted) and although (deleted) not able to set a date for the interrogation, he gave the impression that plans were firm. Several days later (Deleted) told (Deleted) that it appeared (Deleted) had lost interest in Lydia, and there was therefore no pressure to interrogate Kostenko. The relatively strong position which (Deleted) had for the interrogation of an RIS agent (they even had jurisdiction) was appreciated but disgarded.

6. Pavel Dymitruk returned to Belgium in July 1957 to try and get Lydia's visa expedited so it is not inconceivable that Lydia may find a stronger sponsor than (Deleted) and (Deleted) might again be forced into considering action against Kostenko.

7. As noted in (Deleted) 7652 para 6 as far as (Deleted) is concerned the wraps are off on information about (Deleted) which may be passed to (Deleted) but we note in (Deleted) 2813 AEMUSTANG that Kostenko may once again benefit from Kubark's indirect protection. (Deleted).

The State Department reported: "It is noted that the subject engaged in propaganda against the repatriation to the USSR. This propaganda was necessarily discreet in order to avoid reprisals against her parents in Russia."

Pavel Dymitruk (born February 22, 1924) was a former member of Vlasov's Army. On December 5, 1958, Pavel Dymitruk contacted S.A. Hosty at the Dallas FBI Office and requested he issue him a security clearance: "Dymitruk stated that he was originally from the Soviet Union, having served in the Soviet Army during World War II, and is presently a refugee in this country, having fled from the Soviet Union during World War II...Dymitruk was advised that the FBI does not grant security clearances and this office would not be able to assist him in this matter." Lydia Dymitruk was admitted to the United States in March 1959. On September 24, 1959, Pavel Dymitruk applied for a position as an FBI translator. He listed S.A. Hosty as an FBI employee he had known for 14 months. He also indicated that in 1957 for a period of four to six months he knew "Cut Devis, N. York," an FBI employee. The FBI reported: "Under this entry he set out that he was not sure of the spelling and our personnel records disclose no such name. This information was not set forth in his 1962 application. (Paragraph Deleted)." [Sullivan to Branigan 5.5.64] On May 23, 1961, Dymitruk contacted Hosty: "Dymitruk stated he was having difficulty obtaining a job, in view of his Russian background, and stated he had recently divorced his wife and that everything was going wrong and he wanted the FBI to assist him." Pavel Dymitruk again applied for FBI employment in 1962. On November 12, 1963, Pavel Dymitruk contacted the Dallas FBI and informed it he had previously made application for the position of translator through the Houston FBI office: "This (deleted) was not recommended for the position by the Houston Office." [FBI 105-82555-3577] On May 12, 1964, the FBI interviewed Pavel Dymitruk who advised that his "former wife's parents still reside in the Soviet Union and that her father was arrested by the Soviet Army when they re-occupied Rostov, because they had not evacuated Rostov in accordance with Soviet orders. He was therefore accused of collaborating with the Germans and was held in a Soviet prison for a number of months before being released. Dymitruk stated that he met his former wife through her sister, Anna, in 1954, having previously met his former wife's sister while studying at the University of Louvain. Dymitruk stated that before he met his former wife, she had been living with a man named Vailiy, last name unknown. According to Dymitruk, this Vasiliy had been active in the National Labor Alliance, (NTS), an anti-Soviet Russian emigre organization, and he served as a Lieutenant in the Vlassov Forces during World War II. Dymitruk explained that he also had served in the Vlassov Forces...Dymitruk further stated that this individual named Vasiliy later returned to the Soviet Union and he heard conflicting stories as to the reason for his return, some people, names unrecalled, stated that he, Vasiliy, had been pressured into returning through pressure on his parents in the Soviet Union; other individuals, names unrecalled, stated that Vasiliy was actually a Soviet agent working in the Vlassov forces and later in the NTS forces, and reporting to the Soviets as to their activities."

After the assassination, Lydia Dymitruk advised S.A. Hosty that she met Marina Oswald in October or November 1962 when her friend, Anna Meller, asked her to drive a sick child and her mother to Parkland Hospital. She did this but found no doctor was available and she was forced to return later that evening. OSWALD, who was eating supper, said it was not necessary to bring the child to the hospital. Marina argued with LEE about it and he finally agreed to accompany them to Parkland Hospital where the child was given medication. The next time she saw Marina was when Marina and Ruth Paine came into a grocery store where she worked. Lydia told SA Hosty: "In 1942, when she was not quite 16 years old, the German Army captured Rostov and shortly thereafter took a large number of young people from the city back to Germany as slave laborers. Mrs. Dymitruk stated that she and her older sister, Anna, were among those taken to Germany. They were both assigned as domestic helpers in Dusseldorf, Germany. Shortly before the American Army captured this city in 1945, all non-Germans were removed to a prison camp and, shortly before the American Army arrived, Mrs. Dymitruk stated she, together with her sister and two Belgians, escaped from this camp. When the American Army arrived, the various non-German groups were placed in camps according to their nationality and her and her sister went with two Belgian citizens to the Belgian camp, rather than go to a Russian camp, since it was learned that all of the Russian citizens would be forced to return to Russia, and she and her sister did not desire to return to the Soviet Union, because they realized there was a much better standard of living in Western Europe. Mrs. Dymitruk advised that, a short time later, a French Army Officer came to the camp where they were staying and told her and her sister that they would have to move to a Russian camp. However, when they told this French Army Officer that they did not desire to return to the Soviet Union, he said that the only way they could avoid this was to marry Belgian citizens. Mrs. Dymitruk stated she had been living with Karl Verelst, a Belgian citizen, so she was married to an American Army Chaplin to him and thus permitted to remain in the Belgian camp. They were later transferred to Liege, Belgium, and finally returned to her husband's home in Antwerp, Belgium.

"Mrs Dymitruk stated that during this period the Soviet Government was permitted to send repatriation officers throughout Western Europe in an attempt to talk Russian citizens into returning to the Soviet Union. Mrs. Dymitruk stated she was contacted several times, but refused to return to the Soviet Union.

"In 1949 when she was still married to Karl Verelst, she attended several social meetings of the Union of Soviet Patriots in Belgium. Mrs. Dymitruk stated she knew this organization was pro-Soviet and was controlled by the Communists; however, she went to the meeting for social reasons to meet other Russian people and to dance and see movie films. Mrs. Dymitruk explained that, at this time, the Belgian Government would not force any Soviet citizens to return to the Soviet Union, so she felt perfectly safe in attending meetings of this organization for purely social reasons, even though she knew this organization to be Communist controlled. Mrs. Dymitruk stated that, after 1946, she started receiving letters from her mother, who advised her that her father had been put in prison by the Russians for a short while in 1945, apparently because her father would not retreat from Rostov when the German Army occupied that city. Her mother urged Mrs. Dymitruk to remain in Belgium and not to return to the Soviet Union.

"Mrs. Dymitruk further explained that another reason she attended the meetings of the Union of Soviet Patriots in Belgium was because she had what she described as mental trouble and also had considerable trouble with her mother-in-law and father-in-law, and the doctor urged her to associate with other Russian people. Because of these troubles, Mrs. Dymitruk stated she then left her husband in Antwerp and went to Brussels, where her sister Anna, now named Bouchat, resided.

"Mrs. Dymitruk stated that, while in Brussels, she began living with a man named Vasiliy Kostenko, who had formerly served in the Vlassov forces, which Mrs. Dymitruk described as an Army force which fought with the Germans against the Soviet Union during World War II, being Russian prisoners of war. Kostenko, according to Mrs. Dymitruk, was a Lieutenant in the Vlasov forces and when she met him he was the leader of an anti-Communist group, which Mrs. Dymitruk stated was either called Cvomr or Chohp. This group was not connected with the National Labor Alliance (NTS), but cooperated with the National Labor Alliance and was made up of former members of Vlassov forces. Mrs. Dymitruk stated she lived with Kostenko for two or three years and left him because he drank too much. According to Dymitruk, she helped Kostenko in his work in this organization, but she cannot recall the names of any other individuals in this group. Mrs. Dymitruck stated that Kostenko's father was allegedly a Russian engineer who was shot by the Soviet Government because of his religious beliefs, and that his mother was allegedly Polish, and he had escaped, being sent back to Russia after the war by posing as a Pole.

"Mrs. Dymitruk stated Kostenko was a very militant anti-Communist and had tried to join a group of individuals who were parachuted into Belorussia area of the Soviet Union. According to Mrs. Dymitruk, this group was captured immediately by the Soviet Government as soon as they landed, and they were all allegedly shot. Kostenko then became quite upset about this matter and stopped associating with his Russian friends in Brussels. Mrs. Dymitruk stated that she had, meanwhile, left Kostenko and she later heard he went to Germany and then to the Soviet Union. Mrs. Dymitruk stated she did not believe Kostenko was a Soviet agent and she stated that he was a militant anti-communist and had returned to the Soviet Union because his attempts to fight communism through refugee groups had apparently failed, and she believed he had gone back to the Soviet Union to fight Communism inside the Soviet Union.

"When Mrs. Dymitruk was asked how she thought Pavel Kostenko could fight communism from inside the Soviet Union, she merely stated that she was sure he was an anticommunist and not a Soviet agent.

"Mrs. Dymitruk stated that a short time later she began living with Paul Dymitruk, who immigrated to the United States in 1956. Mrs. Dymitruk stated that in 1957, when she attempted to join him in the United States, she was denied an American visa because of her past membership in the Union of Soviet Patriots in Belgium. However, after two or three years her former husband succeeded in getting her a visa and she entered the United States in March 1959. Mrs. Dymitruk stated she and her former husband were divorced in Dallas in December 1960, and she has not seen her former husband since that time.

"Mrs. Dymitruk stated she wanted it to be known that she was never a communist or a communist sympathizer, and was